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Developing Custom Management Utilities with JMX

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Accessing WebLogic Server MBeans with JMX

The following sections describe how to access WebLogic Server MBeans from a JMX client:

 

Set Up the Classpath for Remote Clients

If your JMX client runs in its own JVM (that is, a JVM that is not a WebLogic Server instance), include the following JAR file in the client's classpath:

WL_HOME\lib\wljmxclient.jar

where WL_HOME is the directory in which you installed WebLogic Server.

This JAR contains BEA's implementation of the HTTP and IIOP protocols and its proprietary T3 protocol. With BEA's implementation, JMX clients send login credentials with their connection request and the WebLogic Server security framework authenticates the clients. Only authenticated clients can access MBeans that are registered in a WebLogic Server MBean server.

Note: While BEA recommends that you use its implementation of the HTTP and IIOP protocols or its proprietary T3 protocol, JMX clients can use the IIOP protocol that is defined in the standard JDK. See Remote Connections Using Only JDK Classes on page 4-7.

 

Make Remote Connections to an MBean Server

Each WebLogic Server domain includes three types of MBean servers, each of which provides access to different MBean hierarchies. See MBean Servers.

To connect to a WebLogic MBean server:

  1. Describe the address of the MBean server by constructing a javax.management.remote.JMXServiceURL object.

    2. Pass the following parameter values to the constructor (see JMXServiceURL in the J2SE 5.0 API Specification):

  2. Construct a javax.management.remote.JMXConnector object. This object contains methods that JMX clients use to connect to MBean servers.

    3. The constructor method for JMXConnector is: javax.management.remote.JMXConnectorFactory.
    connector(JMXServiceURL     serviceURL, Map<String,?> environment)

    Pass the following parameter values to the constructor (see JMXConnectorFactory in the J2SE 5.0 API Specification):

  3. Connect to the WebLogic MBean server by invoking the JMXConnector.getMBeanServerConnection() method.

    4. The method returns an object of type javax.management.MBeanServerConnection.

    The MBeanServerConnection object is your connection to the WebLogic MBean server. You can use it for local and remote connections. See MBeanServerConnection in the J2SE 5.0 API Specification.

  4. BEA recommends that when your client finishes its work, close the connection to the MBean server by invoking the JMXConnector.close() method.

Example: Connecting to the Domain Runtime MBean Server

Note the following about the code in Listing 4-1:

Listing 4-1 Connecting to the Domain Runtime MBean Server

public class MyConnection {
   private static MBeanServerConnection connection;
   private static JMXConnector connector;
   private static final ObjectName service;
   /*
   * Initialize connection to the Domain Runtime MBean Server.
   */
   public static void initConnection(String hostname, String portString,
      String username, String password) throws IOException,
      MalformedURLException {
      String protocol = "t3";
      Integer portInteger = Integer.valueOf(portString);
      int port = portInteger.intValue();
      String jndiroot = "/jndi/";
      String mserver = "weblogic.management.mbeanservers.domainruntime";
      JMXServiceURL serviceURL = new JMXServiceURL(protocol, hostname, port,
      jndiroot + mserver);
      Hashtable h = new Hashtable();
      h.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, username);
      h.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, password);
      h.put(JMXConnectorFactory.PROTOCOL_PROVIDER_PACKAGES,
         "weblogic.management.remote");
      connector = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(serviceURL, h);
      connection = connector.getMBeanServerConnection();
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
      String hostname = args[0];
      String portString = args[1];
      String username = args[2];
      String password = args[3];
      MyConnection c= new MyConnection();
      initConnection(hostname, portString, username, password);
...
      connector.close();
   }
}

Best Practices: Choosing an MBean Server

A WebLogic Server domain maintains three types of MBean servers, each of which fulfills a specific function. Access MBeans through the MBean server that supports the task you are trying to complete:

Remote Connections Using Only JDK Classes

BEA recommends that you use WebLogic Server classes to connect from remote JMX clients. However, it is possible for remote JMX clients to connect to a WebLogic Server JMX agent using only the classes in the JDK. To do so:

  1. Enable the IIOP protocol for the WebLogic Server instance that hosts your MBeans. Configure the default IIOP user to be a WebLogic Server user with Administrator privileges.

    2. See Enable and Configure IIOP in Administration Console Online Help.

  2. In your JMX client, construct a javax.management.JMXConnector object as follows:

    3. String hostname = "WLS-host"
    int port =     WLS-port
    String protocol = "rmi";
    String jndiroot= new String("/jndi/iiop://" + hostname + ":" +
           port + "/");
    String mserver = "    MBean-server-JNDI-name";

    JMXServiceURL serviceURL = new JMXServiceURL(protocol, hostname, port,
          jndiroot + mserver);

    Hashtable h = new Hashtable();
    h.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, username);
    h.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, password);

    connector = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(serviceURL, h);

    where WLS-host and WLS-port are the listen address and listen port of a WebLogic Server instance and MBean-server-JNDI-name is one of the values listed in Table 4-1.

Note that the hash table you create does not include the name of a protocol package. By leaving this value as null, the JMX client uses the protocol definitions from the com.sun.jmx.remote.protocol package, which is in the JDK.

 

Make Local Connections to the Runtime MBean Server

Local clients can access a WebLogic Server instance's Runtime MBean Server through the JNDI tree instead of constructing a JMXServiceURL object. Only the Runtime MBean Server registers itself in the JNDI tree.

When accessed from JNDI, the Runtime MBean Server returns its javax.management.MBeanServer interface. This interface contains all of the methods in the MBeanServerConnection interface plus additional methods such as registerMBean(), which local process can use to register custom MBeans. (See MBeanServer in the J2SE 5.0 API Specification.)

If the classes for the JMX client are located at the top level of an enterprise application (that is, if they are deployed from the application's APP-INF directory), then the JNDI name for the Runtime MBean Server is:
java:comp/jmx/runtime

If the classes for the JMX client are located in a J2EE module, such as an EJB or Web application, then the JNDI name for the Runtime MBeanServer is:
java:comp/env/jmx/runtime

For example:
InitialContext ctx = new InitialContext();
server = (MBeanServer)ctx.lookup("java:comp/env/jmx/runtime");

 

Navigate MBean Hierarchies

WebLogic Server organizes its MBeans in a hierarchical data model. (See WebLogic Server MBean Data Model.) In this model, all parent MBeans include attributes that contain the object names of their children. You use the child's object name in standard JMX APIs to get or set values of the child MBean's attributes or invoke its methods.

To navigate the WebLogic Server MBean hierarchy:

  1. Initiate a connection to an MBean server.

    2. See the previous section, Make Remote Connections to an MBean Server.

    Initiating the connection returns an object of type
    javax.management.MBeanServerConnection.

  2. Obtain the object name for an MBean at the root of an MBean hierarchy by invoking the MBeanServerConnection.getAttribute(ObjectName object-name,
    String     attribute) method where:
  3. Successively invoke code similar to the following:
    ObjectName on =
    MBeanServerConnection    .getAttribute(object-name, attribute)
    where:

To determine an MBean's location in an MBean hierarchy, refer to the MBean's description in WebLogic Server MBean Reference. For each MBean, the WebLogic Server MBean Reference lists the parent MBean that contains the current MBean's factory methods. For an MBean whose factory methods are not public, the WebLogic Server MBean Reference lists other MBeans from which you can access the current MBean.

 

Example: Printing the Name and State of Servers

The code example in Listing 4-2 connects to the Domain Runtime MBean Server and uses the DomainRuntimeServiceMBean to get the object name for each ServerRuntimeMBean in the domain. Then it retrieves and prints the value of each server's ServerRuntimeMBean Name and State attributes.

Note the following about the code in Listing 4-2:

Listing 4-2 Example: Print the Name and State of Servers

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.management.MBeanServerConnection;
import javax.management.MalformedObjectNameException;
import javax.management.ObjectName;
import javax.management.remote.JMXConnector;
import javax.management.remote.JMXConnectorFactory;
import javax.management.remote.JMXServiceURL;
import javax.naming.Context;
public class PrintServerState {
   private static MBeanServerConnection connection;
   private static JMXConnector connector;
   private static final ObjectName service;
   // Initializing the object name for DomainRuntimeServiceMBean
   // so it can be used throughout the class.
   static {
      try {
         service = new ObjectName(
            "com.bea:Name=DomainRuntimeService,Type=weblogic.management.
             mbeanservers.domainruntime.DomainRuntimeServiceMBean");
      }catch (MalformedObjectNameException e) {
         throw new AssertionError(e.getMessage());
      }
   }
   /*
   * Initialize connection to the Domain Runtime MBean Server
   */
   public static void initConnection(String hostname, String portString, 
      String username, String password) throws IOException,
      MalformedURLException { 
      String protocol = "t3";
      Integer portInteger = Integer.valueOf(portString);
      int port = portInteger.intValue();
      String jndiroot = "/jndi/";
      String mserver = "weblogic.management.mbeanservers.domainruntime";
      JMXServiceURL serviceURL = new JMXServiceURL(protocol, hostname,
         port, jndiroot + mserver);
      Hashtable h = new Hashtable();
      h.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, username);
      h.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, password);
      h.put(JMXConnectorFactory.PROTOCOL_PROVIDER_PACKAGES,
         "weblogic.management.remote");
      connector = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(serviceURL, h);
      connection = connector.getMBeanServerConnection();
   }
   /* 
   * Print an array of ServerRuntimeMBeans.
   * This MBean is the root of the runtime MBean hierarchy, and
   * each server in the domain hosts its own instance.
   */
   public static ObjectName[] getServerRuntimes() throws Exception {
      return (ObjectName[]) connection.getAttribute(service,
         "ServerRuntimes");
   }
   /* 
   * Iterate through ServerRuntimeMBeans and get the name and state
   */
   public void printNameAndState() throws Exception {
      ObjectName[] serverRT = getServerRuntimes();
      System.out.println("got server runtimes");
      int length = (int) serverRT.length;
      for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
         String name = (String) connection.getAttribute(serverRT[i],
            "Name");
         String state = (String) connection.getAttribute(serverRT[i],
            "State");
         System.out.println("Server name: " + name + ".   Server state: "
            + state);
      }
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
      String hostname = args[0];
      String portString = args[1];
      String username = args[2];
      String password = args[3];
      PrintServerState s = new PrintServerState();
      initConnection(hostname, portString, username, password);
      s.printNameAndState();
      connector.close();
   }
}

 

Example: Monitoring Servlets

Each servlet in a Web application provides instance of ServletRuntimeMBean which contains information about the servlet's runtime state. (See ServletRuntimeMBean in WebLogic Server MBean Reference.)

In the WebLogic Server data model, the path to a ServletRuntimeMBean is as follows:

  1. The Domain Runtime MBean Server (for all servlets on all servers in the domain), or the Runtime MBean Server on a specific server instance.
  2. DomainRuntimeServiceMBean or RuntimeServiceMBean, ServerRuntimes attribute.
  3. ServerRuntimeMBean, ApplicationRuntimes attribute.
  4. ApplicationRuntimeMBean, ComponentRuntimes attribute.

    5. The ComponentRuntimes attribute contains many types of component runtime MBeans, one of which is WebAppComponentRuntimeMBean. When you get the value of this attribute, you use the child MBean's Type attribute to get a specific type of component runtime MBean.

  5. WebAppComponentRuntimeMBean, ServletRuntimes attribute.

The code in Listing 4-3 navigates the hierarchy described in the previous paragraphs and gets values of ServletRuntimeMBean attributes.

Listing 4-3 Monitoring Servlets

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.management.MBeanServerConnection;
import javax.management.MalformedObjectNameException;
import javax.management.ObjectName;
import javax.management.remote.JMXConnector;
import javax.management.remote.JMXConnectorFactory;
import javax.management.remote.JMXServiceURL;
import javax.naming.Context;
public class MonitorServlets {
   private static MBeanServerConnection connection;
   private static JMXConnector connector;
   private static final ObjectName service;
   // Initializing the object name for DomainRuntimeServiceMBean
   // so it can be used throughout the class.
   static {
      try {
         service = new ObjectName(
          "com.bea:Name=DomainRuntimeService,Type=weblogic.management.mbeanser
           vers.domainruntime.DomainRuntimeServiceMBean");
      }catch (MalformedObjectNameException e) {
         throw new AssertionError(e.getMessage());
      }
   }
   /*
   * Initialize connection to the Domain Runtime MBean Server
   */
   public static void initConnection(String hostname, String portString, 
      String username, String password) throws IOException,
      MalformedURLException { 
      String protocol = "t3";
      Integer portInteger = Integer.valueOf(portString);
      int port = portInteger.intValue();
      String jndiroot = "/jndi/";
      String mserver = "weblogic.management.mbeanservers.domainruntime";
      JMXServiceURL serviceURL = new JMXServiceURL(protocol, hostname,
         port, jndiroot + mserver);
      Hashtable h = new Hashtable();
      h.put(Context.SECURITY_PRINCIPAL, username);
      h.put(Context.SECURITY_CREDENTIALS, password);
      h.put(JMXConnectorFactory.PROTOCOL_PROVIDER_PACKAGES,
         "weblogic.management.remote");
      connector = JMXConnectorFactory.connect(serviceURL, h);
      connection = connector.getMBeanServerConnection();
   }
   /*
   * Get an array of ServerRuntimeMBeans
   */
   public static ObjectName[] getServerRuntimes() throws Exception {
      return (ObjectName[]) connection.getAttribute(service,
         "ServerRuntimes");
   }
   /*
   * Get an array of WebApplicationComponentRuntimeMBeans
   */
   public void getServletData() throws Exception {
      ObjectName[] serverRT = getServerRuntimes();
      int length = (int) serverRT.length;
      for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
         ObjectName[] appRT = 
            (ObjectName[]) connection.getAttribute(serverRT[i],
            "ApplicationRuntimes");
         int appLength = (int) appRT.length;
         for (int x = 0; x < appLength; x++) {
            System.out.println("Application name: " +
              (String)connection.getAttribute(appRT[x], "Name"));
            ObjectName[] compRT = 
               (ObjectName[]) connection.getAttribute(appRT[x],
               "ComponentRuntimes");
            int compLength = (int) compRT.length;
            for (int y = 0; y < compLength; y++) {
               System.out.println("  Component name: " +
                 (String)connection.getAttribute(compRT[y], "Name"));
               String componentType = 
                  (String) connection.getAttribute(compRT[y], "Type");
               System.out.println(componentType.toString());
               if (componentType.toString().equals("WebAppComponentRuntime")){
                  ObjectName[] servletRTs = (ObjectName[])
                     connection.getAttribute(compRT[y], "Servlets");
                  int servletLength = (int) servletRTs.length;
                  for (int z = 0; z < servletLength; z++) {
                     System.out.println("    Servlet name: " +
                        (String)connection.getAttribute(servletRTs[z],
                         "Name"));
                     System.out.println("       Servlet context path: " +
                        (String)connection.getAttribute(servletRTs[z],
                         "ContextPath"));
                     System.out.println("       Invocation Total Count : " +
                        (Object)connection.getAttribute(servletRTs[z],
                         "InvocationTotalCount"));
                  }
               }
            }
         }
      }
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
      String hostname = args[0];
      String portString = args[1];
      String username = args[2];
      String password = args[3];
      MonitorServlets s = new MonitorServlets();
      initConnection(hostname, portString, username, password);
      s.getServletData();
      connector.close();
   }
}

 

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