# Class TextLayout

java.lang.Object
java.awt.font.TextLayout

All Implemented Interfaces:
  `Cloneable`

public final class TextLayout extends Object implements Cloneable
`TextLayout` is an immutable graphical representation of styled character data.

It provides the following capabilities:

- implicit bidirectional analysis and reordering,
- cursor positioning and movement, including split cursors for mixed directional text,
- highlighting, including both logical and visual highlighting for mixed directional text,
- multiple baselines (roman, hanging, and centered),
- hit testing,
- justification,
- default font substitution,
- metric information such as ascent, descent, and advance, and
- rendering

A `TextLayout` object can be rendered using its `draw` method.

`TextLayout` can be constructed either directly or through the use of a `LineBreakMeasurer`. When constructed directly, the source text represents a single paragraph. `LineBreakMeasurer` allows styled text to be broken into lines that fit within a particular width. See the `LineBreakMeasurer` documentation for more information.

`TextLayout` construction logically proceeds as follows:

- paragraph attributes are extracted and examined,
- text is analyzed for bidirectional reordering, and reordering information is computed if needed,
- text is segmented into style runs
- fonts are chosen for style runs, first by using a font if the attribute `TextAttribute.FONT` is present, otherwise by computing a default font using the attributes that have been defined
- if text is on multiple baselines, the runs or subruns are further broken into subruns sharing a common baseline,
- glyphvectors are generated for each run using the chosen font,
- final bidirectional reordering is performed on the glyphvectors

All graphical information returned from a `TextLayout` object's methods is relative to the origin of the `TextLayout`, which is the intersection of the `TextLayout` object's baseline with its left edge. Also, coordinates passed into a `TextLayout` object's methods are assumed to be relative to the `TextLayout` object's origin. Clients usually need to translate between a `TextLayout` object's coordinate system and the coordinate system in another object (such as a `Graphics` object).

`TextLayout` objects are constructed from styled text, but they do not retain a reference to their source text. Thus, changes in the text previously used to generate a `TextLayout` do not affect the `TextLayout`.

Three methods on a `TextLayout` object (`getNextRightHit`, `getNextLeftHit`, and `hitTestChar`) return instances of `TextHitInfo`. The offsets contained in these `TextHitInfo` objects are relative to the start of the `TextLayout`, not to the text used to create the `TextLayout`. Similarly, `TextLayout` methods that accept `TextHitInfo` instances as parameters expect the `TextHitInfo` object's offsets to be relative to the `TextLayout`, not to any underlying text storage model.

Examples:

Constructing and drawing a `TextLayout` and its bounding rectangle:

>        Graphics2D g = ...;
>        Point2D loc = ...;
>        Font font = Font.getFont("Helvetica-bold-italic");
>        FontRenderContext frc = g.getFontRenderContext();
>        TextLayout layout = new TextLayout("This is a string", font, frc);
>        layout.draw(g, (float)loc.getX(), (float)loc.getY());

>        Rectangle2D bounds = layout.getBounds();
>        bounds.setRect(bounds.getX()+loc.getX(),
>                       bounds.getY()+loc.getY(),
>                       bounds.getWidth(),
>                       bounds.getHeight());
>        g.draw(bounds);

Hit-testing a `TextLayout` (determining which character is at a particular graphical location):

>        Point2D click = ...;
>        TextHitInfo hit = layout.hitTestChar(
>                              (float) (click.getX() - loc.getX()),
>                              (float) (click.getY() - loc.getY()));

Responding to a right-arrow key press:

>        int insertionIndex = ...;
>        TextHitInfo next = layout.getNextRightHit(insertionIndex);
>        if (next != null) {
>            // translate graphics to origin of layout on screen
>            g.translate(loc.getX(), loc.getY());
>            Shape[] carets = layout.getCaretShapes(next.getInsertionIndex());
>            g.draw(carets[0]);
>            if (carets[1] != null) {
>                g.draw(carets[1]);
>            }
>        }

Drawing a selection range corresponding to a substring in the source text. The selected area may not be visually contiguous:

>        // selStart, selLimit should be relative to the layout,
>        // not to the source text

>        int selStart = ..., selLimit = ...;
>        Color selectionColor = ...;
>        Shape selection = layout.getLogicalHighlightShape(selStart, selLimit);
>        // selection may consist of disjoint areas
>        // graphics is assumed to be translated to origin of layout
>        g.setColor(selectionColor);
>        g.fill(selection);

Drawing a visually contiguous selection range. The selection range may correspond to more than one substring in the source text. The ranges of the corresponding source text substrings can be obtained with `getLogicalRangesForVisualSelection()`:

>        TextHitInfo selStart = ..., selLimit = ...;
>        Shape selection = layout.getVisualHighlightShape(selStart, selLimit);
>        g.setColor(selectionColor);
>        g.fill(selection);
>        int[] ranges = getLogicalRangesForVisualSelection(selStart, selLimit);
>        // ranges[0], ranges[1] is the first selection range,
>        // ranges[2], ranges[3] is the second selection range, etc.

Note: Font rotations can cause text baselines to be rotated, and multiple runs with different rotations can cause the baseline to bend or zig-zag. In order to account for this (rare) possibility, some APIs are specified to return metrics and take parameters 'in baseline-relative coordinates' (e.g. ascent, advance), and others are in 'in standard coordinates' (e.g. getBounds). Values in baseline-relative coordinates map the 'x' coordinate to the distance along the baseline, (positive x is forward along the baseline), and the 'y' coordinate to a distance along the perpendicular to the baseline at 'x' (positive y is 90 degrees clockwise from the baseline vector). Values in standard coordinates are measured along the x and y axes, with 0,0 at the origin of the TextLayout. Documentation for each relevant API indicates what values are in what coordinate system. In general, measurement-related APIs are in baseline-relative coordinates, while display-related APIs are in standard coordinates.

See Also:
  - `LineBreakMeasurer`
  - `TextAttribute`
  - `TextHitInfo`
  - `LayoutPath`

- ## Nested Class Summary

  Nested Classes
  Modifier and Type
  Class
  Description
  `static class`
  `TextLayout.CaretPolicy`
  Defines a policy for determining the strong caret location.

- ## Field Summary

  Fields
  Modifier and Type
  Field
  Description
  `static final TextLayout.CaretPolicy`
  `DEFAULT_CARET_POLICY`
  This `CaretPolicy` is used when a policy is not specified by the client.

- ## Constructor Summary

  Constructors
  Constructor
  Description
  `TextLayout(String string, Font font, FontRenderContext frc)`
  Constructs a `TextLayout` from a `String` and a `Font`.
  `TextLayout(String string, Map<? extends AttributedCharacterIterator.Attribute, ?> attributes, FontRenderContext frc)`
  Constructs a `TextLayout` from a `String` and an attribute set.
  `TextLayout(AttributedCharacterIterator text, FontRenderContext frc)`
  Constructs a `TextLayout` from an iterator over styled text.

- ## Method Summary

  Modifier and Type
  Method
  Description
  `protected Object`
  `clone()`
  Creates a copy of this `TextLayout`.
  `void`
  `draw(Graphics2D g2, float x, float y)`
  Renders this `TextLayout` at the specified location in the specified `Graphics2D` context.
  `boolean`
  `equals(TextLayout rhs)`
  Returns `true` if the two layouts are equal.
  `float`
  `getAdvance()`
  Returns the advance of this `TextLayout`.
  `float`
  `getAscent()`
  Returns the ascent of this `TextLayout`.
  `byte`
  `getBaseline()`
  Returns the baseline for this `TextLayout`.
  `float[]`
  `getBaselineOffsets()`
  Returns the offsets array for the baselines used for this `TextLayout`.
  `Shape`
  `getBlackBoxBounds(int firstEndpoint, int secondEndpoint)`
  Returns the black box bounds of the characters in the specified range.
  `Rectangle2D`
  `getBounds()`
  Returns the bounds of this `TextLayout`.
  `float[]`
  `getCaretInfo(TextHitInfo hit)`
  Returns information about the caret corresponding to `hit`.
  `float[]`
  `getCaretInfo(TextHitInfo hit, Rectangle2D bounds)`
  Returns information about the caret corresponding to `hit`.
  `Shape`
  `getCaretShape(TextHitInfo hit)`
  Returns a `Shape` representing the caret at the specified hit inside the natural bounds of this `TextLayout`.
  `Shape`
  `getCaretShape(TextHitInfo hit, Rectangle2D bounds)`
  Returns a `Shape` representing the caret at the specified hit inside the specified bounds.
  `Shape[]`
  `getCaretShapes(int offset)`
  Returns two paths corresponding to the strong and weak caret.
  `Shape[]`
  `getCaretShapes(int offset, Rectangle2D bounds)`
  Returns two paths corresponding to the strong and weak caret.
  `Shape[]`
  `getCaretShapes(int offset, Rectangle2D bounds, TextLayout.CaretPolicy policy)`
  Returns two paths corresponding to the strong and weak caret.
  `int`
  `getCharacterCount()`
  Returns the number of characters represented by this `TextLayout`.
  `byte`
  `getCharacterLevel(int index)`
  Returns the level of the character at `index`.
  `float`
  `getDescent()`
  Returns the descent of this `TextLayout`.
  `TextLayout`
  `getJustifiedLayout(float justificationWidth)`
  Creates a copy of this `TextLayout` justified to the specified width.
  `LayoutPath`
  `getLayoutPath()`
  Return the LayoutPath, or null if the layout path is the default path (x maps to advance, y maps to offset).
  `float`
  `getLeading()`
  Returns the leading of the `TextLayout`.
  `Shape`
  `getLogicalHighlightShape(int firstEndpoint, int secondEndpoint)`
  Returns a `Shape` enclosing the logical selection in the specified range, extended to the natural bounds of this `TextLayout`.
  `Shape`
  `getLogicalHighlightShape(int firstEndpoint, int secondEndpoint, Rectangle2D bounds)`
  Returns a `Shape` enclosing the logical selection in the specified range, extended to the specified `bounds`.
  `int[]`
  `getLogicalRangesForVisualSelection(TextHitInfo firstEndpoint, TextHitInfo secondEndpoint)`
  Returns the logical ranges of text corresponding to a visual selection.
  `TextHitInfo`
  `getNextLeftHit(int offset)`
  Returns the hit for the next caret to the left (top); if no such hit, returns `null`.
  `TextHitInfo`
  `getNextLeftHit(int offset, TextLayout.CaretPolicy policy)`
  Returns the hit for the next caret to the left (top); if no such hit, returns `null`.
  `TextHitInfo`
  `getNextLeftHit(TextHitInfo hit)`
  Returns the hit for the next caret to the left (top); if no such hit, returns `null`.
  `TextHitInfo`
  `getNextRightHit(int offset)`
  Returns the hit for the next caret to the right (bottom); if no such hit, returns `null`.
  `TextHitInfo`
  `getNextRightHit(int offset, TextLayout.CaretPolicy policy)`
  Returns the hit for the next caret to the right (bottom); if no such hit, returns `null`.
  `TextHitInfo`
  `getNextRightHit(TextHitInfo hit)`
  Returns the hit for the next caret to the right (bottom); if there is no such hit, returns `null`.
  `Shape`
  `getOutline(AffineTransform tx)`
  Returns a `Shape` representing the outline of this `TextLayout`.
  `Rectangle`
  `getPixelBounds(FontRenderContext frc, float x, float y)`
  Returns the pixel bounds of this `TextLayout` when rendered in a graphics with the given `FontRenderContext` at the given location.
  `float`
  `getVisibleAdvance()`
  Returns the advance of this `TextLayout`, minus trailing whitespace.
  `Shape`
  `getVisualHighlightShape(TextHitInfo firstEndpoint, TextHitInfo secondEndpoint)`
  Returns a `Shape` enclosing the visual selection in the specified range, extended to the bounds.
  `Shape`
  `getVisualHighlightShape(TextHitInfo firstEndpoint, TextHitInfo secondEndpoint, Rectangle2D bounds)`
  Returns a path enclosing the visual selection in the specified range, extended to `bounds`.
  `TextHitInfo`
  `getVisualOtherHit(TextHitInfo hit)`
  Returns the hit on the opposite side of the specified hit's caret.
  `protected void`
  `handleJustify(float justificationWidth)`
  Justify this layout.
  `TextHitInfo`
  `hitTestChar(float x, float y)`
  Returns a `TextHitInfo` corresponding to the specified point.
  `TextHitInfo`
  `hitTestChar(float x, float y, Rectangle2D bounds)`
  Returns a `TextHitInfo` corresponding to the specified point.
  `void`
  `hitToPoint(TextHitInfo hit, Point2D point)`
  Convert a hit to a point in standard coordinates.
  `boolean`
  `isLeftToRight()`
  Returns `true` if this `TextLayout` has a left-to-right base direction or `false` if it has a right-to-left base direction.
  `boolean`
  `isVertical()`
  Returns `true` if this `TextLayout` is vertical.
  `String`
  `toString()`
  Returns debugging information for this `TextLayout`.

  ### Methods declared in class java.lang.Object

  `equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait`

- ## Field Details

  - ### DEFAULT_CARET_POLICY

    public static final TextLayout.CaretPolicy DEFAULT_CARET_POLICY
    This `CaretPolicy` is used when a policy is not specified by the client. With this policy, a hit on a character whose direction is the same as the line direction is stronger than a hit on a counterdirectional character. If the characters' directions are the same, a hit on the leading edge of a character is stronger than a hit on the trailing edge of a character.

- ## Constructor Details

  - ### TextLayout

    public TextLayout(String string, Font font, FontRenderContext frc)
    Constructs a `TextLayout` from a `String` and a `Font`. All the text is styled using the specified `Font`.

    The `String` must specify a single paragraph of text, because an entire paragraph is required for the bidirectional algorithm.

    Parameters:
      `string` - the text to display
      `font` - a `Font` used to style the text
      `frc` - contains information about a graphics device which is needed to measure the text correctly. Text measurements can vary slightly depending on the device resolution, and attributes such as antialiasing. This parameter does not specify a translation between the `TextLayout` and user space.

  - ### TextLayout

    public TextLayout(String string, Map<? extends AttributedCharacterIterator.Attribute, ?> attributes, FontRenderContext frc)
    Constructs a `TextLayout` from a `String` and an attribute set.

    All the text is styled using the provided attributes.

    `string` must specify a single paragraph of text because an entire paragraph is required for the bidirectional algorithm.

    Parameters:
      `string` - the text to display
      `attributes` - the attributes used to style the text
      `frc` - contains information about a graphics device which is needed to measure the text correctly. Text measurements can vary slightly depending on the device resolution, and attributes such as antialiasing. This parameter does not specify a translation between the `TextLayout` and user space.

  - ### TextLayout

    public TextLayout(AttributedCharacterIterator text, FontRenderContext frc)
    Constructs a `TextLayout` from an iterator over styled text.

    The iterator must specify a single paragraph of text because an entire paragraph is required for the bidirectional algorithm.

    Parameters:
      `text` - the styled text to display
      `frc` - contains information about a graphics device which is needed to measure the text correctly. Text measurements can vary slightly depending on the device resolution, and attributes such as antialiasing. This parameter does not specify a translation between the `TextLayout` and user space.

- ## Method Details

  - ### clone

    protected Object clone()
    Creates a copy of this `TextLayout`.
    Overrides:
      `clone` in class `Object`
    Returns:
      a clone of this instance.
    See Also:
      - `Cloneable`

  - ### getJustifiedLayout

    public TextLayout getJustifiedLayout(float justificationWidth)
    Creates a copy of this `TextLayout` justified to the specified width.

    If this `TextLayout` has already been justified, an exception is thrown. If this `TextLayout` object's justification ratio is zero, a `TextLayout` identical to this `TextLayout` is returned.

    Parameters:
      `justificationWidth` - the width to use when justifying the line. For best results, it should not be too different from the current advance of the line.
    Returns:
      a `TextLayout` justified to the specified width.
    Throws:
      `Error` - if this layout has already been justified, an Error is thrown.

  - ### handleJustify

    protected void handleJustify(float justificationWidth)
    Justify this layout. Overridden by subclassers to control justification (if there were subclassers, that is...) The layout will only justify if the paragraph attributes (from the source text, possibly defaulted by the layout attributes) indicate a non-zero justification ratio. The text will be justified to the indicated width. The current implementation also adjusts hanging punctuation and trailing whitespace to overhang the justification width. Once justified, the layout may not be rejustified.

    Some code may rely on immutability of layouts. Subclassers should not call this directly, but instead should call getJustifiedLayout, which will call this method on a clone of this layout, preserving the original.

    Parameters:
      `justificationWidth` - the width to use when justifying the line. For best results, it should not be too different from the current advance of the line.
    See Also:
      - `getJustifiedLayout(float)`

  - ### getBaseline

    public byte getBaseline()
    Returns the baseline for this `TextLayout`. The baseline is one of the values defined in `Font`, which are roman, centered and hanging. Ascent and descent are relative to this baseline. The `baselineOffsets` are also relative to this baseline.
    Returns:
      the baseline of this `TextLayout`.
    See Also:
      - `getBaselineOffsets()`
      - `Font`

  - ### getBaselineOffsets

    public float[] getBaselineOffsets()
    Returns the offsets array for the baselines used for this `TextLayout`.

    The array is indexed by one of the values defined in `Font`, which are roman, centered and hanging. The values are relative to this `TextLayout` object's baseline, so that `getBaselineOffsets[getBaseline()] == 0`. Offsets are added to the position of the `TextLayout` object's baseline to get the position for the new baseline.

    Returns:
      the offsets array containing the baselines used for this `TextLayout`.
    See Also:
      - `getBaseline()`
      - `Font`

  - ### getAdvance

    public float getAdvance()
    Returns the advance of this `TextLayout`. The advance is the distance from the origin to the advance of the rightmost (bottommost) character. This is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    Returns:
      the advance of this `TextLayout`.

  - ### getVisibleAdvance

    public float getVisibleAdvance()
    Returns the advance of this `TextLayout`, minus trailing whitespace. This is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    Returns:
      the advance of this `TextLayout` without the trailing whitespace.
    See Also:
      - `getAdvance()`

  - ### getAscent

    public float getAscent()
    Returns the ascent of this `TextLayout`. The ascent is the distance from the top (right) of the `TextLayout` to the baseline. It is always either positive or zero. The ascent is sufficient to accommodate superscripted text and is the maximum of the sum of the ascent, offset, and baseline of each glyph. The ascent is the maximum ascent from the baseline of all the text in the TextLayout. It is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    Returns:
      the ascent of this `TextLayout`.

  - ### getDescent

    public float getDescent()
    Returns the descent of this `TextLayout`. The descent is the distance from the baseline to the bottom (left) of the `TextLayout`. It is always either positive or zero. The descent is sufficient to accommodate subscripted text and is the maximum of the sum of the descent, offset, and baseline of each glyph. This is the maximum descent from the baseline of all the text in the TextLayout. It is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    Returns:
      the descent of this `TextLayout`.

  - ### getLeading

    public float getLeading()
    Returns the leading of the `TextLayout`. The leading is the suggested interline spacing for this `TextLayout`. This is in baseline-relative coordinates.

    The leading is computed from the leading, descent, and baseline of all glyphvectors in the `TextLayout`. The algorithm is roughly as follows:

    >      maxD = 0;
    >      maxDL = 0;
    >      for (GlyphVector g in all glyphvectors) {
    >         maxD = max(maxD, g.getDescent() + offsets[g.getBaseline()]);
    >         maxDL = max(maxDL, g.getDescent() + g.getLeading() +
    >                            offsets[g.getBaseline()]);
    >      }
    >      return maxDL - maxD;

    Returns:
      the leading of this `TextLayout`.

  - ### getBounds

    public Rectangle2D getBounds()
    Returns the bounds of this `TextLayout`. The bounds are in standard coordinates.

    Due to rasterization effects, this bounds might not enclose all of the pixels rendered by the TextLayout.

    It might not coincide exactly with the ascent, descent, origin or advance of the `TextLayout`.
    Returns:
      a `Rectangle2D` that is the bounds of this `TextLayout`.

  - ### getPixelBounds

    public Rectangle getPixelBounds(FontRenderContext frc, float x, float y)
    Returns the pixel bounds of this `TextLayout` when rendered in a graphics with the given `FontRenderContext` at the given location. The graphics render context need not be the same as the `FontRenderContext` used to create this `TextLayout`, and can be null. If it is null, the `FontRenderContext` of this `TextLayout` is used.
    Parameters:
      `frc` - the `FontRenderContext` of the `Graphics`.
      `x` - the x-coordinate at which to render this `TextLayout`.
      `y` - the y-coordinate at which to render this `TextLayout`.
    Returns:
      a `Rectangle` bounding the pixels that would be affected.
    Since:
      1.6
    See Also:
      - `GlyphVector.getPixelBounds(java.awt.font.FontRenderContext, float, float)`

  - ### isLeftToRight

    public boolean isLeftToRight()
    Returns `true` if this `TextLayout` has a left-to-right base direction or `false` if it has a right-to-left base direction. The `TextLayout` has a base direction of either left-to-right (LTR) or right-to-left (RTL). The base direction is independent of the actual direction of text on the line, which may be either LTR, RTL, or mixed. Left-to-right layouts by default should position flush left. If the layout is on a tabbed line, the tabs run left to right, so that logically successive layouts position left to right. The opposite is true for RTL layouts. By default they should position flush left, and tabs run right-to-left.
    Returns:
      `true` if the base direction of this `TextLayout` is left-to-right; `false` otherwise.

  - ### isVertical

    public boolean isVertical()
    Returns `true` if this `TextLayout` is vertical.
    Returns:
      `true` if this `TextLayout` is vertical; `false` otherwise.

  - ### getCharacterCount

    public int getCharacterCount()
    Returns the number of characters represented by this `TextLayout`.
    Returns:
      the number of characters in this `TextLayout`.

  - ### getCaretInfo

    public float[] getCaretInfo(TextHitInfo hit, Rectangle2D bounds)
    Returns information about the caret corresponding to `hit`. The first element of the array is the intersection of the caret with the baseline, as a distance along the baseline. The second element of the array is the inverse slope (run/rise) of the caret, measured with respect to the baseline at that point.

    This method is meant for informational use. To display carets, it is better to use `getCaretShapes`.

    Parameters:
      `hit` - a hit on a character in this `TextLayout`
      `bounds` - the bounds to which the caret info is constructed. The bounds is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    Returns:
      a two-element array containing the position and slope of the caret. The returned caret info is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    See Also:
      - `getCaretShapes(int, Rectangle2D, TextLayout.CaretPolicy)`
      - `Font.getItalicAngle()`

  - ### getCaretInfo

    public float[] getCaretInfo(TextHitInfo hit)
    Returns information about the caret corresponding to `hit`. This method is a convenience overload of `getCaretInfo` and uses the natural bounds of this `TextLayout`.
    Parameters:
      `hit` - a hit on a character in this `TextLayout`
    Returns:
      the information about a caret corresponding to a hit. The returned caret info is in baseline-relative coordinates.

  - ### getNextRightHit

    public TextHitInfo getNextRightHit(TextHitInfo hit)
    Returns the hit for the next caret to the right (bottom); if there is no such hit, returns `null`. If the hit character index is out of bounds, an `IllegalArgumentException` is thrown.
    Parameters:
      `hit` - a hit on a character in this layout
    Returns:
      a hit whose caret appears at the next position to the right (bottom) of the caret of the provided hit or `null`.

  - ### getNextRightHit

    public TextHitInfo getNextRightHit(int offset, TextLayout.CaretPolicy policy)
    Returns the hit for the next caret to the right (bottom); if no such hit, returns `null`. The hit is to the right of the strong caret at the specified offset, as determined by the specified policy. The returned hit is the stronger of the two possible hits, as determined by the specified policy.
    Parameters:
      `offset` - an insertion offset in this `TextLayout`. Cannot be less than 0 or greater than this `TextLayout` object's character count.
      `policy` - the policy used to select the strong caret
    Returns:
      a hit whose caret appears at the next position to the right (bottom) of the caret of the provided hit, or `null`.

  - ### getNextRightHit

    public TextHitInfo getNextRightHit(int offset)
    Returns the hit for the next caret to the right (bottom); if no such hit, returns `null`. The hit is to the right of the strong caret at the specified offset, as determined by the default policy. The returned hit is the stronger of the two possible hits, as determined by the default policy.
    Parameters:
      `offset` - an insertion offset in this `TextLayout`. Cannot be less than 0 or greater than the `TextLayout` object's character count.
    Returns:
      a hit whose caret appears at the next position to the right (bottom) of the caret of the provided hit, or `null`.

  - ### getNextLeftHit

    public TextHitInfo getNextLeftHit(TextHitInfo hit)
    Returns the hit for the next caret to the left (top); if no such hit, returns `null`. If the hit character index is out of bounds, an `IllegalArgumentException` is thrown.
    Parameters:
      `hit` - a hit on a character in this `TextLayout`.
    Returns:
      a hit whose caret appears at the next position to the left (top) of the caret of the provided hit, or `null`.

  - ### getNextLeftHit

    public TextHitInfo getNextLeftHit(int offset, TextLayout.CaretPolicy policy)
    Returns the hit for the next caret to the left (top); if no such hit, returns `null`. The hit is to the left of the strong caret at the specified offset, as determined by the specified policy. The returned hit is the stronger of the two possible hits, as determined by the specified policy.
    Parameters:
      `offset` - an insertion offset in this `TextLayout`. Cannot be less than 0 or greater than this `TextLayout` object's character count.
      `policy` - the policy used to select the strong caret
    Returns:
      a hit whose caret appears at the next position to the left (top) of the caret of the provided hit, or `null`.

  - ### getNextLeftHit

    public TextHitInfo getNextLeftHit(int offset)
    Returns the hit for the next caret to the left (top); if no such hit, returns `null`. The hit is to the left of the strong caret at the specified offset, as determined by the default policy. The returned hit is the stronger of the two possible hits, as determined by the default policy.
    Parameters:
      `offset` - an insertion offset in this `TextLayout`. Cannot be less than 0 or greater than this `TextLayout` object's character count.
    Returns:
      a hit whose caret appears at the next position to the left (top) of the caret of the provided hit, or `null`.

  - ### getVisualOtherHit

    public TextHitInfo getVisualOtherHit(TextHitInfo hit)
    Returns the hit on the opposite side of the specified hit's caret.
    Parameters:
      `hit` - the specified hit
    Returns:
      a hit that is on the opposite side of the specified hit's caret.

  - ### getCaretShape

    public Shape getCaretShape(TextHitInfo hit, Rectangle2D bounds)
    Returns a `Shape` representing the caret at the specified hit inside the specified bounds.
    Parameters:
      `hit` - the hit at which to generate the caret
      `bounds` - the bounds of the `TextLayout` to use in generating the caret. The bounds is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    Returns:
      a `Shape` representing the caret. The returned shape is in standard coordinates.

  - ### getCaretShape

    public Shape getCaretShape(TextHitInfo hit)
    Returns a `Shape` representing the caret at the specified hit inside the natural bounds of this `TextLayout`.
    Parameters:
      `hit` - the hit at which to generate the caret
    Returns:
      a `Shape` representing the caret. The returned shape is in standard coordinates.

  - ### getCharacterLevel

    public byte getCharacterLevel(int index)
    Returns the level of the character at `index`. Indices -1 and `characterCount` are assigned the base level of this `TextLayout`.
    Parameters:
      `index` - the index of the character from which to get the level
    Returns:
      the level of the character at the specified index.

  - ### getCaretShapes

    public Shape[] getCaretShapes(int offset, Rectangle2D bounds, TextLayout.CaretPolicy policy)
    Returns two paths corresponding to the strong and weak caret.
    Parameters:
      `offset` - an offset in this `TextLayout`
      `bounds` - the bounds to which to extend the carets. The bounds is in baseline-relative coordinates.
      `policy` - the specified `CaretPolicy`
    Returns:
      an array of two paths. Element zero is the strong caret. If there are two carets, element one is the weak caret, otherwise it is `null`. The returned shapes are in standard coordinates.

  - ### getCaretShapes

    public Shape[] getCaretShapes(int offset, Rectangle2D bounds)
    Returns two paths corresponding to the strong and weak caret. This method is a convenience overload of `getCaretShapes` that uses the default caret policy.
    Parameters:
      `offset` - an offset in this `TextLayout`
      `bounds` - the bounds to which to extend the carets. This is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    Returns:
      two paths corresponding to the strong and weak caret as defined by the `DEFAULT_CARET_POLICY`. These are in standard coordinates.

  - ### getCaretShapes

    public Shape[] getCaretShapes(int offset)
    Returns two paths corresponding to the strong and weak caret. This method is a convenience overload of `getCaretShapes` that uses the default caret policy and this `TextLayout` object's natural bounds.
    Parameters:
      `offset` - an offset in this `TextLayout`
    Returns:
      two paths corresponding to the strong and weak caret as defined by the `DEFAULT_CARET_POLICY`. These are in standard coordinates.

  - ### getLogicalRangesForVisualSelection

    public int[] getLogicalRangesForVisualSelection(TextHitInfo firstEndpoint, TextHitInfo secondEndpoint)
    Returns the logical ranges of text corresponding to a visual selection.
    Parameters:
      `firstEndpoint` - an endpoint of the visual range
      `secondEndpoint` - the other endpoint of the visual range. This endpoint can be less than `firstEndpoint`.
    Returns:
      an array of integers representing start/limit pairs for the selected ranges.
    See Also:
      - `getVisualHighlightShape(TextHitInfo, TextHitInfo, Rectangle2D)`

  - ### getVisualHighlightShape

    public Shape getVisualHighlightShape(TextHitInfo firstEndpoint, TextHitInfo secondEndpoint, Rectangle2D bounds)
    Returns a path enclosing the visual selection in the specified range, extended to `bounds`.

    If the selection includes the leftmost (topmost) position, the selection is extended to the left (top) of `bounds`. If the selection includes the rightmost (bottommost) position, the selection is extended to the right (bottom) of the bounds. The height (width on vertical lines) of the selection is always extended to `bounds`.

    Although the selection is always contiguous, the logically selected text can be discontiguous on lines with mixed-direction text. The logical ranges of text selected can be retrieved using `getLogicalRangesForVisualSelection`. For example, consider the text 'ABCdef' where capital letters indicate right-to-left text, rendered on a right-to-left line, with a visual selection from 0L (the leading edge of 'A') to 3T (the trailing edge of 'd'). The text appears as follows, with bold underlined areas representing the selection:

            defCBA

    The logical selection ranges are 0-3, 4-6 (ABC, ef) because the visually contiguous text is logically discontiguous. Also note that since the rightmost position on the layout (to the right of 'A') is selected, the selection is extended to the right of the bounds.
    Parameters:
      `firstEndpoint` - one end of the visual selection
      `secondEndpoint` - the other end of the visual selection
      `bounds` - the bounding rectangle to which to extend the selection. This is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    Returns:
      a `Shape` enclosing the selection. This is in standard coordinates.
    See Also:
      - `getLogicalRangesForVisualSelection(TextHitInfo, TextHitInfo)`
      - `getLogicalHighlightShape(int, int, Rectangle2D)`

  - ### getVisualHighlightShape

    public Shape getVisualHighlightShape(TextHitInfo firstEndpoint, TextHitInfo secondEndpoint)
    Returns a `Shape` enclosing the visual selection in the specified range, extended to the bounds. This method is a convenience overload of `getVisualHighlightShape` that uses the natural bounds of this `TextLayout`.
    Parameters:
      `firstEndpoint` - one end of the visual selection
      `secondEndpoint` - the other end of the visual selection
    Returns:
      a `Shape` enclosing the selection. This is in standard coordinates.

  - ### getLogicalHighlightShape

    public Shape getLogicalHighlightShape(int firstEndpoint, int secondEndpoint, Rectangle2D bounds)
    Returns a `Shape` enclosing the logical selection in the specified range, extended to the specified `bounds`.

    If the selection range includes the first logical character, the selection is extended to the portion of `bounds` before the start of this `TextLayout`. If the range includes the last logical character, the selection is extended to the portion of `bounds` after the end of this `TextLayout`. The height (width on vertical lines) of the selection is always extended to `bounds`.

    The selection can be discontiguous on lines with mixed-direction text. Only those characters in the logical range between start and limit appear selected. For example, consider the text 'ABCdef' where capital letters indicate right-to-left text, rendered on a right-to-left line, with a logical selection from 0 to 4 ('ABCd'). The text appears as follows, with bold standing in for the selection, and underlining for the extension:

            defCBA

    The selection is discontiguous because the selected characters are visually discontiguous. Also note that since the range includes the first logical character (A), the selection is extended to the portion of the `bounds` before the start of the layout, which in this case (a right-to-left line) is the right portion of the `bounds`.
    Parameters:
      `firstEndpoint` - an endpoint in the range of characters to select
      `secondEndpoint` - the other endpoint of the range of characters to select. Can be less than `firstEndpoint`. The range includes the character at min(firstEndpoint, secondEndpoint), but excludes max(firstEndpoint, secondEndpoint).
      `bounds` - the bounding rectangle to which to extend the selection. This is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    Returns:
      an area enclosing the selection. This is in standard coordinates.
    See Also:
      - `getVisualHighlightShape(TextHitInfo, TextHitInfo, Rectangle2D)`

  - ### getLogicalHighlightShape

    public Shape getLogicalHighlightShape(int firstEndpoint, int secondEndpoint)
    Returns a `Shape` enclosing the logical selection in the specified range, extended to the natural bounds of this `TextLayout`. This method is a convenience overload of `getLogicalHighlightShape` that uses the natural bounds of this `TextLayout`.
    Parameters:
      `firstEndpoint` - an endpoint in the range of characters to select
      `secondEndpoint` - the other endpoint of the range of characters to select. Can be less than `firstEndpoint`. The range includes the character at min(firstEndpoint, secondEndpoint), but excludes max(firstEndpoint, secondEndpoint).
    Returns:
      a `Shape` enclosing the selection. This is in standard coordinates.

  - ### getBlackBoxBounds

    public Shape getBlackBoxBounds(int firstEndpoint, int secondEndpoint)
    Returns the black box bounds of the characters in the specified range. The black box bounds is an area consisting of the union of the bounding boxes of all the glyphs corresponding to the characters between start and limit. This area can be disjoint.
    Parameters:
      `firstEndpoint` - one end of the character range
      `secondEndpoint` - the other end of the character range. Can be less than `firstEndpoint`.
    Returns:
      a `Shape` enclosing the black box bounds. This is in standard coordinates.

  - ### hitTestChar

    public TextHitInfo hitTestChar(float x, float y, Rectangle2D bounds)
    Returns a `TextHitInfo` corresponding to the specified point. Coordinates outside the bounds of the `TextLayout` map to hits on the leading edge of the first logical character, or the trailing edge of the last logical character, as appropriate, regardless of the position of that character in the line. Only the direction along the baseline is used to make this evaluation.
    Parameters:
      `x` - the x offset from the origin of this `TextLayout`. This is in standard coordinates.
      `y` - the y offset from the origin of this `TextLayout`. This is in standard coordinates.
      `bounds` - the bounds of the `TextLayout`. This is in baseline-relative coordinates.
    Returns:
      a hit describing the character and edge (leading or trailing) under the specified point.

  - ### hitTestChar

    public TextHitInfo hitTestChar(float x, float y)
    Returns a `TextHitInfo` corresponding to the specified point. This method is a convenience overload of `hitTestChar` that uses the natural bounds of this `TextLayout`.
    Parameters:
      `x` - the x offset from the origin of this `TextLayout`. This is in standard coordinates.
      `y` - the y offset from the origin of this `TextLayout`. This is in standard coordinates.
    Returns:
      a hit describing the character and edge (leading or trailing) under the specified point.

  - ### equals

    public boolean equals(TextLayout rhs)
    Returns `true` if the two layouts are equal. Obeys the general contract of `equals(Object)`.
    Parameters:
      `rhs` - the `TextLayout` to compare to this `TextLayout`
    Returns:
      `true` if the specified `TextLayout` equals this `TextLayout`.

  - ### toString

    public String toString()
    Returns debugging information for this `TextLayout`.
    Overrides:
      `toString` in class `Object`
    Returns:
      the `textLine` of this `TextLayout` as a `String`.

  - ### draw

    public void draw(Graphics2D g2, float x, float y)
    Renders this `TextLayout` at the specified location in the specified `Graphics2D` context. The origin of the layout is placed at x, y. Rendering may touch any point within `getBounds()` of this position. This leaves the `g2` unchanged. Text is rendered along the baseline path.
    Parameters:
      `g2` - the `Graphics2D` context into which to render the layout
      `x` - the X coordinate of the origin of this `TextLayout`
      `y` - the Y coordinate of the origin of this `TextLayout`
    See Also:
      - `getBounds()`

  - ### getOutline

    public Shape getOutline(AffineTransform tx)
    Returns a `Shape` representing the outline of this `TextLayout`.
    Parameters:
      `tx` - an optional `AffineTransform` to apply to the outline of this `TextLayout`.
    Returns:
      a `Shape` that is the outline of this `TextLayout`. This is in standard coordinates.

  - ### getLayoutPath

    public LayoutPath getLayoutPath()
    Return the LayoutPath, or null if the layout path is the default path (x maps to advance, y maps to offset).
    Returns:
      the layout path
    Since:
      1.6

  - ### hitToPoint

    public void hitToPoint(TextHitInfo hit, Point2D point)
    Convert a hit to a point in standard coordinates. The point is on the baseline of the character at the leading or trailing edge of the character, as appropriate. If the path is broken at the side of the character represented by the hit, the point will be adjacent to the character.
    Parameters:
      `hit` - the hit to check. This must be a valid hit on the TextLayout.
      `point` - the returned point. The point is in standard coordinates.
    Throws:
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if the hit is not valid for the TextLayout.
      `NullPointerException` - if hit or point is null.
    Since:
      1.6