Module java.desktop
Package java.awt.image

# Class BufferedImage

java.lang.Object
java.awt.Image
java.awt.image.BufferedImage

All Implemented Interfaces:
  `RenderedImage`, `WritableRenderedImage`, `Transparency`

public class BufferedImage extends Image implements WritableRenderedImage, Transparency
The `BufferedImage` subclass describes an `Image` with an accessible buffer of image data. A `BufferedImage` is comprised of a `ColorModel` and a `Raster` of image data. The number and types of bands in the `SampleModel` of the `Raster` must match the number and types required by the `ColorModel` to represent its color and alpha components. All `BufferedImage` objects have an upper left corner coordinate of (0, 0). Any `Raster` used to construct a `BufferedImage` must therefore have minX=0 and minY=0.

This class relies on the data fetching and setting methods of `Raster`, and on the color characterization methods of `ColorModel`.

See Also:
  - `ColorModel`
  - `Raster`
  - `WritableRaster`

- ## Field Summary

  Fields
  Modifier and Type
  Field
  Description
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_3BYTE_BGR`
  Represents an image with 8-bit RGB color components, corresponding to a Windows-style BGR color model) with the colors Blue, Green, and Red stored in 3 bytes.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR`
  Represents an image with 8-bit RGBA color components with the colors Blue, Green, and Red stored in 3 bytes and 1 byte of alpha.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR_PRE`
  Represents an image with 8-bit RGBA color components with the colors Blue, Green, and Red stored in 3 bytes and 1 byte of alpha.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_BYTE_BINARY`
  Represents an opaque byte-packed 1, 2, or 4 bit image.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_BYTE_GRAY`
  Represents a unsigned byte grayscale image, non-indexed.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED`
  Represents an indexed byte image.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_CUSTOM`
  Image type is not recognized so it must be a customized image.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_INT_ARGB`
  Represents an image with 8-bit RGBA color components packed into integer pixels.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE`
  Represents an image with 8-bit RGBA color components packed into integer pixels.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_INT_BGR`
  Represents an image with 8-bit RGB color components, corresponding to a Windows- or Solaris- style BGR color model, with the colors Blue, Green, and Red packed into integer pixels.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_INT_RGB`
  Represents an image with 8-bit RGB color components packed into integer pixels.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_USHORT_555_RGB`
  Represents an image with 5-5-5 RGB color components (5-bits red, 5-bits green, 5-bits blue) with no alpha.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_USHORT_565_RGB`
  Represents an image with 5-6-5 RGB color components (5-bits red, 6-bits green, 5-bits blue) with no alpha.
  `static final int`
  `TYPE_USHORT_GRAY`
  Represents an unsigned short grayscale image, non-indexed).

  ### Fields declared in class java.awt.Image

  `accelerationPriority, SCALE_AREA_AVERAGING, SCALE_DEFAULT, SCALE_FAST, SCALE_REPLICATE, SCALE_SMOOTH, UndefinedProperty`

  ### Fields declared in interface java.awt.Transparency

  `BITMASK, OPAQUE, TRANSLUCENT`

- ## Constructor Summary

  Constructors
  Constructor
  Description
  `BufferedImage(int width, int height, int imageType)`
  Constructs a `BufferedImage` of one of the predefined image types.
  `BufferedImage(int width, int height, int imageType, IndexColorModel cm)`
  Constructs a `BufferedImage` of one of the predefined image types: TYPE_BYTE_BINARY or TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED.
  `BufferedImage(ColorModel cm, WritableRaster raster, boolean isRasterPremultiplied, Hashtable<?,?> properties)`
  Constructs a new `BufferedImage` with a specified `ColorModel` and `Raster`.

- ## Method Summary

  Modifier and Type
  Method
  Description
  `void`
  `addTileObserver(TileObserver to)`
  Adds a tile observer.
  `void`
  `coerceData(boolean isAlphaPremultiplied)`
  Forces the data to match the state specified in the `isAlphaPremultiplied` variable.
  `WritableRaster`
  `copyData(WritableRaster outRaster)`
  Computes an arbitrary rectangular region of the `BufferedImage` and copies it into a specified `WritableRaster`.
  `Graphics2D`
  `createGraphics()`
  Creates a `Graphics2D`, which can be used to draw into this `BufferedImage`.
  `WritableRaster`
  `getAlphaRaster()`
  Returns a `WritableRaster` representing the alpha channel for `BufferedImage` objects with `ColorModel` objects that support a separate spatial alpha channel, such as `ComponentColorModel` and `DirectColorModel`.
  `ColorModel`
  `getColorModel()`
  Returns the `ColorModel`.
  `Raster`
  `getData()`
  Returns the image as one large tile.
  `Raster`
  `getData(Rectangle rect)`
  Computes and returns an arbitrary region of the `BufferedImage`.
  `Graphics`
  `getGraphics()`
  This method returns a `Graphics2D`, but is here for backwards compatibility.
  `int`
  `getHeight()`
  Returns the height of the `BufferedImage`.
  `int`
  `getHeight(ImageObserver observer)`
  Returns the height of the `BufferedImage`.
  `int`
  `getMinTileX()`
  Returns the minimum tile index in the x direction.
  `int`
  `getMinTileY()`
  Returns the minimum tile index in the y direction.
  `int`
  `getMinX()`
  Returns the minimum x coordinate of this `BufferedImage`.
  `int`
  `getMinY()`
  Returns the minimum y coordinate of this `BufferedImage`.
  `int`
  `getNumXTiles()`
  Returns the number of tiles in the x direction.
  `int`
  `getNumYTiles()`
  Returns the number of tiles in the y direction.
  `Object`
  `getProperty(String name)`
  Returns a property of the image by name.
  `Object`
  `getProperty(String name, ImageObserver observer)`
  Returns a property of the image by name.
  `String[]`
  `getPropertyNames()`
  Returns an array of names recognized by `getProperty(String)` or `null`, if no property names are recognized.
  `WritableRaster`
  `getRaster()`
  Returns the `WritableRaster`.
  `int`
  `getRGB(int x, int y)`
  Returns an integer pixel in the default RGB color model (TYPE_INT_ARGB) and default sRGB colorspace.
  `int[]`
  `getRGB(int startX, int startY, int w, int h, int[] rgbArray, int offset, int scansize)`
  Returns an array of integer pixels in the default RGB color model (TYPE_INT_ARGB) and default sRGB color space, from a portion of the image data.
  `SampleModel`
  `getSampleModel()`
  Returns the `SampleModel` associated with this `BufferedImage`.
  `ImageProducer`
  `getSource()`
  Returns the object that produces the pixels for the image.
  `Vector<RenderedImage>`
  `getSources()`
  Returns a `Vector` of `RenderedImage` objects that are the immediate sources, not the sources of these immediate sources, of image data for this `BufferedImage`.
  `BufferedImage`
  `getSubimage(int x, int y, int w, int h)`
  Returns a subimage defined by a specified rectangular region.
  `Raster`
  `getTile(int tileX, int tileY)`
  Returns tile (`tileX`, `tileY`).
  `int`
  `getTileGridXOffset()`
  Returns the x offset of the tile grid relative to the origin, For example, the x coordinate of the location of tile (0, 0).
  `int`
  `getTileGridYOffset()`
  Returns the y offset of the tile grid relative to the origin, For example, the y coordinate of the location of tile (0, 0).
  `int`
  `getTileHeight()`
  Returns the tile height in pixels.
  `int`
  `getTileWidth()`
  Returns the tile width in pixels.
  `int`
  `getTransparency()`
  Returns the transparency.
  `int`
  `getType()`
  Returns the image type.
  `int`
  `getWidth()`
  Returns the width of the `BufferedImage`.
  `int`
  `getWidth(ImageObserver observer)`
  Returns the width of the `BufferedImage`.
  `WritableRaster`
  `getWritableTile(int tileX, int tileY)`
  Checks out a tile for writing.
  `Point[]`
  `getWritableTileIndices()`
  Returns an array of `Point` objects indicating which tiles are checked out for writing.
  `boolean`
  `hasTileWriters()`
  Returns whether or not any tile is checked out for writing.
  `boolean`
  `isAlphaPremultiplied()`
  Returns whether or not the alpha has been premultiplied.
  `boolean`
  `isTileWritable(int tileX, int tileY)`
  Returns whether or not a tile is currently checked out for writing.
  `void`
  `releaseWritableTile(int tileX, int tileY)`
  Relinquishes permission to write to a tile.
  `void`
  `removeTileObserver(TileObserver to)`
  Removes a tile observer.
  `void`
  `setData(Raster r)`
  Sets a rectangular region of the image to the contents of the specified `Raster r`, which is assumed to be in the same coordinate space as the `BufferedImage`.
  `void`
  `setRGB(int x, int y, int rgb)`
  Sets a pixel in this `BufferedImage` to the specified RGB value.
  `void`
  `setRGB(int startX, int startY, int w, int h, int[] rgbArray, int offset, int scansize)`
  Sets an array of integer pixels in the default RGB color model (TYPE_INT_ARGB) and default sRGB color space, into a portion of the image data.
  `String`
  `toString()`
  Returns a `String` representation of this `BufferedImage` object and its values.

  ### Methods declared in class java.awt.Image

  `flush, getAccelerationPriority, getCapabilities, getScaledInstance, setAccelerationPriority`

  ### Methods declared in class java.lang.Object

  `clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait`

- ## Field Details

  - ### TYPE_CUSTOM

    public static final int TYPE_CUSTOM
    Image type is not recognized so it must be a customized image. This type is only used as a return value for the getType() method.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_INT_RGB

    public static final int TYPE_INT_RGB
    Represents an image with 8-bit RGB color components packed into integer pixels. The image has a `DirectColorModel` without alpha. When data with non-opaque alpha is stored in an image of this type, the color data must be adjusted to a non-premultiplied form and the alpha discarded, as described in the `AlphaComposite` documentation.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_INT_ARGB

    public static final int TYPE_INT_ARGB
    Represents an image with 8-bit RGBA color components packed into integer pixels. The image has a `DirectColorModel` with alpha. The color data in this image is considered not to be premultiplied with alpha. When this type is used as the `imageType` argument to a `BufferedImage` constructor, the created image is consistent with images created in the JDK1.1 and earlier releases.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE

    public static final int TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE
    Represents an image with 8-bit RGBA color components packed into integer pixels. The image has a `DirectColorModel` with alpha. The color data in this image is considered to be premultiplied with alpha.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_INT_BGR

    public static final int TYPE_INT_BGR
    Represents an image with 8-bit RGB color components, corresponding to a Windows- or Solaris- style BGR color model, with the colors Blue, Green, and Red packed into integer pixels. There is no alpha. The image has a `DirectColorModel`. When data with non-opaque alpha is stored in an image of this type, the color data must be adjusted to a non-premultiplied form and the alpha discarded, as described in the `AlphaComposite` documentation.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_3BYTE_BGR

    public static final int TYPE_3BYTE_BGR
    Represents an image with 8-bit RGB color components, corresponding to a Windows-style BGR color model) with the colors Blue, Green, and Red stored in 3 bytes. There is no alpha. The image has a `ComponentColorModel`. When data with non-opaque alpha is stored in an image of this type, the color data must be adjusted to a non-premultiplied form and the alpha discarded, as described in the `AlphaComposite` documentation.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR

    public static final int TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR
    Represents an image with 8-bit RGBA color components with the colors Blue, Green, and Red stored in 3 bytes and 1 byte of alpha. The image has a `ComponentColorModel` with alpha. The color data in this image is considered not to be premultiplied with alpha. The byte data is interleaved in a single byte array in the order A, B, G, R from lower to higher byte addresses within each pixel.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR_PRE

    public static final int TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR_PRE
    Represents an image with 8-bit RGBA color components with the colors Blue, Green, and Red stored in 3 bytes and 1 byte of alpha. The image has a `ComponentColorModel` with alpha. The color data in this image is considered to be premultiplied with alpha. The byte data is interleaved in a single byte array in the order A, B, G, R from lower to higher byte addresses within each pixel.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_USHORT_565_RGB

    public static final int TYPE_USHORT_565_RGB
    Represents an image with 5-6-5 RGB color components (5-bits red, 6-bits green, 5-bits blue) with no alpha. This image has a `DirectColorModel`. When data with non-opaque alpha is stored in an image of this type, the color data must be adjusted to a non-premultiplied form and the alpha discarded, as described in the `AlphaComposite` documentation.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_USHORT_555_RGB

    public static final int TYPE_USHORT_555_RGB
    Represents an image with 5-5-5 RGB color components (5-bits red, 5-bits green, 5-bits blue) with no alpha. This image has a `DirectColorModel`. When data with non-opaque alpha is stored in an image of this type, the color data must be adjusted to a non-premultiplied form and the alpha discarded, as described in the `AlphaComposite` documentation.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_BYTE_GRAY

    public static final int TYPE_BYTE_GRAY
    Represents a unsigned byte grayscale image, non-indexed. This image has a `ComponentColorModel` with a CS_GRAY `ColorSpace`. When data with non-opaque alpha is stored in an image of this type, the color data must be adjusted to a non-premultiplied form and the alpha discarded, as described in the `AlphaComposite` documentation.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_USHORT_GRAY

    public static final int TYPE_USHORT_GRAY
    Represents an unsigned short grayscale image, non-indexed). This image has a `ComponentColorModel` with a CS_GRAY `ColorSpace`. When data with non-opaque alpha is stored in an image of this type, the color data must be adjusted to a non-premultiplied form and the alpha discarded, as described in the `AlphaComposite` documentation.
    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_BYTE_BINARY

    public static final int TYPE_BYTE_BINARY
    Represents an opaque byte-packed 1, 2, or 4 bit image. The image has an `IndexColorModel` without alpha. When this type is used as the `imageType` argument to the `BufferedImage` constructor that takes an `imageType` argument but no `ColorModel` argument, a 1-bit image is created with an `IndexColorModel` with two colors in the default sRGB `ColorSpace`: {0, 0, 0} and {255, 255, 255}.

    Images with 2 or 4 bits per pixel may be constructed via the `BufferedImage` constructor that takes a `ColorModel` argument by supplying a `ColorModel` with an appropriate map size.

    Images with 8 bits per pixel should use the image types `TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED` or `TYPE_BYTE_GRAY` depending on their `ColorModel`.

    When color data is stored in an image of this type, the closest color in the colormap is determined by the `IndexColorModel` and the resulting index is stored. Approximation and loss of alpha or color components can result, depending on the colors in the `IndexColorModel` colormap.

    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

  - ### TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED

    public static final int TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED
    Represents an indexed byte image. When this type is used as the `imageType` argument to the `BufferedImage` constructor that takes an `imageType` argument but no `ColorModel` argument, an `IndexColorModel` is created with a 256-color 6/6/6 color cube palette with the rest of the colors from 216-255 populated by grayscale values in the default sRGB ColorSpace.

    When color data is stored in an image of this type, the closest color in the colormap is determined by the `IndexColorModel` and the resulting index is stored. Approximation and loss of alpha or color components can result, depending on the colors in the `IndexColorModel` colormap.

    See Also:
      - Constant Field Values

- ## Constructor Details

  - ### BufferedImage

    public BufferedImage(int width, int height, int imageType)
    Constructs a `BufferedImage` of one of the predefined image types. The `ColorSpace` for the image is the default sRGB space.
    Parameters:
      `width` - width of the created image
      `height` - height of the created image
      `imageType` - type of the created image
    See Also:
      - `ColorSpace`
      - `TYPE_INT_RGB`
      - `TYPE_INT_ARGB`
      - `TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE`
      - `TYPE_INT_BGR`
      - `TYPE_3BYTE_BGR`
      - `TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR`
      - `TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR_PRE`
      - `TYPE_BYTE_GRAY`
      - `TYPE_USHORT_GRAY`
      - `TYPE_BYTE_BINARY`
      - `TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED`
      - `TYPE_USHORT_565_RGB`
      - `TYPE_USHORT_555_RGB`

  - ### BufferedImage

    public BufferedImage(int width, int height, int imageType, IndexColorModel cm)
    Constructs a `BufferedImage` of one of the predefined image types: TYPE_BYTE_BINARY or TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED.

    If the image type is TYPE_BYTE_BINARY, the number of entries in the color model is used to determine whether the image should have 1, 2, or 4 bits per pixel. If the color model has 1 or 2 entries, the image will have 1 bit per pixel. If it has 3 or 4 entries, the image with have 2 bits per pixel. If it has between 5 and 16 entries, the image will have 4 bits per pixel. Otherwise, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown.

    Parameters:
      `width` - width of the created image
      `height` - height of the created image
      `imageType` - type of the created image
      `cm` - `IndexColorModel` of the created image
    Throws:
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if the imageType is not TYPE_BYTE_BINARY or TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED or if the imageType is TYPE_BYTE_BINARY and the color map has more than 16 entries.
    See Also:
      - `TYPE_BYTE_BINARY`
      - `TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED`

  - ### BufferedImage

    public BufferedImage(ColorModel cm, WritableRaster raster, boolean isRasterPremultiplied, Hashtable<?,?> properties)
    Constructs a new `BufferedImage` with a specified `ColorModel` and `Raster`. If the number and types of bands in the `SampleModel` of the `Raster` do not match the number and types required by the `ColorModel` to represent its color and alpha components, a `RasterFormatException` is thrown. This method can multiply or divide the color `Raster` data by alpha to match the `alphaPremultiplied` state in the `ColorModel`. Properties for this `BufferedImage` can be established by passing in a `Hashtable` of `String`/`Object` pairs.
    Parameters:
      `cm` - `ColorModel` for the new image
      `raster` - `Raster` for the image data
      `isRasterPremultiplied` - if `true`, the data in the raster has been premultiplied with alpha.
      `properties` - `Hashtable` of `String`/`Object` pairs.
    Throws:
      `RasterFormatException` - if the number and types of bands in the `SampleModel` of the `Raster` do not match the number and types required by the `ColorModel` to represent its color and alpha components.
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if `raster` is incompatible with `cm`
    See Also:
      - `ColorModel`
      - `Raster`
      - `WritableRaster`

- ## Method Details

  - ### getType

    public int getType()
    Returns the image type. If it is not one of the known types, TYPE_CUSTOM is returned.
    Returns:
      the image type of this `BufferedImage`.
    See Also:
      - `TYPE_INT_RGB`
      - `TYPE_INT_ARGB`
      - `TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE`
      - `TYPE_INT_BGR`
      - `TYPE_3BYTE_BGR`
      - `TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR`
      - `TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR_PRE`
      - `TYPE_BYTE_GRAY`
      - `TYPE_BYTE_BINARY`
      - `TYPE_BYTE_INDEXED`
      - `TYPE_USHORT_GRAY`
      - `TYPE_USHORT_565_RGB`
      - `TYPE_USHORT_555_RGB`
      - `TYPE_CUSTOM`

  - ### getColorModel

    public ColorModel getColorModel()
    Returns the `ColorModel`.
    Specified by:
      `getColorModel` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the `ColorModel` of this `BufferedImage`.

  - ### getRaster

    public WritableRaster getRaster()
    Returns the `WritableRaster`.
    Returns:
      the `WritableRaster` of this `BufferedImage`.

  - ### getAlphaRaster

    public WritableRaster getAlphaRaster()
    Returns a `WritableRaster` representing the alpha channel for `BufferedImage` objects with `ColorModel` objects that support a separate spatial alpha channel, such as `ComponentColorModel` and `DirectColorModel`. Returns `null` if there is no alpha channel associated with the `ColorModel` in this image. This method assumes that for all `ColorModel` objects other than `IndexColorModel`, if the `ColorModel` supports alpha, there is a separate alpha channel which is stored as the last band of image data. If the image uses an `IndexColorModel` that has alpha in the lookup table, this method returns `null` since there is no spatially discrete alpha channel. This method creates a new `WritableRaster`, but shares the data array.
    Returns:
      a `WritableRaster` or `null` if this `BufferedImage` has no alpha channel associated with its `ColorModel`.

  - ### getRGB

    public int getRGB(int x, int y)
    Returns an integer pixel in the default RGB color model (TYPE_INT_ARGB) and default sRGB colorspace. Color conversion takes place if this default model does not match the image `ColorModel`. There are only 8-bits of precision for each color component in the returned data when using this method.

    An `ArrayOutOfBoundsException` may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

    Parameters:
      `x` - the X coordinate of the pixel from which to get the pixel in the default RGB color model and sRGB color space
      `y` - the Y coordinate of the pixel from which to get the pixel in the default RGB color model and sRGB color space
    Returns:
      an integer pixel in the default RGB color model and default sRGB colorspace.
    See Also:
      - `setRGB(int, int, int)`
      - `setRGB(int, int, int, int, int[], int, int)`

  - ### getRGB

    public int[] getRGB(int startX, int startY, int w, int h, int[] rgbArray, int offset, int scansize)
    Returns an array of integer pixels in the default RGB color model (TYPE_INT_ARGB) and default sRGB color space, from a portion of the image data. Color conversion takes place if the default model does not match the image `ColorModel`. There are only 8-bits of precision for each color component in the returned data when using this method. With a specified coordinate (x, y) in the image, the ARGB pixel can be accessed in this way:

            pixel   = rgbArray[offset + (y-startY)*scansize + (x-startX)];

    An `ArrayOutOfBoundsException` may be thrown if the region is not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

    Parameters:
      `startX` - the starting X coordinate
      `startY` - the starting Y coordinate
      `w` - width of region
      `h` - height of region
      `rgbArray` - if not `null`, the rgb pixels are written here
      `offset` - offset into the `rgbArray`
      `scansize` - scanline stride for the `rgbArray`
    Returns:
      array of RGB pixels.
    See Also:
      - `setRGB(int, int, int)`
      - `setRGB(int, int, int, int, int[], int, int)`

  - ### setRGB

    public void setRGB(int x, int y, int rgb)
    Sets a pixel in this `BufferedImage` to the specified RGB value. The pixel is assumed to be in the default RGB color model, TYPE_INT_ARGB, and default sRGB color space. For images with an `IndexColorModel`, the index with the nearest color is chosen.

    An `ArrayOutOfBoundsException` may be thrown if the coordinates are not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

    Parameters:
      `x` - the X coordinate of the pixel to set
      `y` - the Y coordinate of the pixel to set
      `rgb` - the RGB value
    See Also:
      - `getRGB(int, int)`
      - `getRGB(int, int, int, int, int[], int, int)`

  - ### setRGB

    public void setRGB(int startX, int startY, int w, int h, int[] rgbArray, int offset, int scansize)
    Sets an array of integer pixels in the default RGB color model (TYPE_INT_ARGB) and default sRGB color space, into a portion of the image data. Color conversion takes place if the default model does not match the image `ColorModel`. There are only 8-bits of precision for each color component in the returned data when using this method. With a specified coordinate (x, y) in the this image, the ARGB pixel can be accessed in this way:

            pixel   = rgbArray[offset + (y-startY)*scansize + (x-startX)];

    WARNING: No dithering takes place.

    An `ArrayOutOfBoundsException` may be thrown if the region is not in bounds. However, explicit bounds checking is not guaranteed.

    Parameters:
      `startX` - the starting X coordinate
      `startY` - the starting Y coordinate
      `w` - width of the region
      `h` - height of the region
      `rgbArray` - the rgb pixels
      `offset` - offset into the `rgbArray`
      `scansize` - scanline stride for the `rgbArray`
    See Also:
      - `getRGB(int, int)`
      - `getRGB(int, int, int, int, int[], int, int)`

  - ### getWidth

    public int getWidth()
    Returns the width of the `BufferedImage`.
    Specified by:
      `getWidth` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the width of this `BufferedImage`

  - ### getHeight

    public int getHeight()
    Returns the height of the `BufferedImage`.
    Specified by:
      `getHeight` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the height of this `BufferedImage`

  - ### getWidth

    public int getWidth(ImageObserver observer)
    Returns the width of the `BufferedImage`.
    Specified by:
      `getWidth` in class `Image`
    Parameters:
      `observer` - ignored
    Returns:
      the width of this `BufferedImage`
    See Also:
      - `Image.getHeight(java.awt.image.ImageObserver)`
      - `ImageObserver`

  - ### getHeight

    public int getHeight(ImageObserver observer)
    Returns the height of the `BufferedImage`.
    Specified by:
      `getHeight` in class `Image`
    Parameters:
      `observer` - ignored
    Returns:
      the height of this `BufferedImage`
    See Also:
      - `Image.getWidth(java.awt.image.ImageObserver)`
      - `ImageObserver`

  - ### getSource

    public ImageProducer getSource()
    Returns the object that produces the pixels for the image.
    Specified by:
      `getSource` in class `Image`
    Returns:
      the `ImageProducer` that is used to produce the pixels for this image.
    See Also:
      - `ImageProducer`

  - ### getProperty

    public Object getProperty(String name, ImageObserver observer)
    Returns a property of the image by name. Individual property names are defined by the various image formats. If a property is not defined for a particular image, this method returns the `UndefinedProperty` field. If the properties for this image are not yet known, then this method returns `null` and the `ImageObserver` object is notified later. The property name "comment" should be used to store an optional comment that can be presented to the user as a description of the image, its source, or its author.
    Specified by:
      `getProperty` in class `Image`
    Parameters:
      `name` - the property name
      `observer` - the `ImageObserver` that receives notification regarding image information
    Returns:
      an `Object` that is the property referred to by the specified `name` or `null` if the properties of this image are not yet known.
    Throws:
      `NullPointerException` - if the property name is null.
    See Also:
      - `ImageObserver`
      - `Image.UndefinedProperty`

  - ### getProperty

    public Object getProperty(String name)
    Returns a property of the image by name.
    Specified by:
      `getProperty` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Parameters:
      `name` - the property name
    Returns:
      an `Object` that is the property referred to by the specified `name`.
    Throws:
      `NullPointerException` - if the property name is null.
    See Also:
      - `Image.UndefinedProperty`

  - ### getGraphics

    public Graphics getGraphics()
    This method returns a `Graphics2D`, but is here for backwards compatibility. `createGraphics` is more convenient, since it is declared to return a `Graphics2D`.
    Specified by:
      `getGraphics` in class `Image`
    Returns:
      a `Graphics2D`, which can be used to draw into this image.
    See Also:
      - `Graphics`
      - `Component.createImage(int, int)`

  - ### createGraphics

    public Graphics2D createGraphics()
    Creates a `Graphics2D`, which can be used to draw into this `BufferedImage`.
    Returns:
      a `Graphics2D`, used for drawing into this image.

  - ### getSubimage

    public BufferedImage getSubimage(int x, int y, int w, int h)
    Returns a subimage defined by a specified rectangular region. The returned `BufferedImage` shares the same data array as the original image.
    Parameters:
      `x` - the X coordinate of the upper-left corner of the specified rectangular region
      `y` - the Y coordinate of the upper-left corner of the specified rectangular region
      `w` - the width of the specified rectangular region
      `h` - the height of the specified rectangular region
    Returns:
      a `BufferedImage` that is the subimage of this `BufferedImage`.
    Throws:
      `RasterFormatException` - if the specified area is not contained within this `BufferedImage`.

  - ### isAlphaPremultiplied

    public boolean isAlphaPremultiplied()
    Returns whether or not the alpha has been premultiplied. It returns `false` if there is no alpha.
    Returns:
      `true` if the alpha has been premultiplied; `false` otherwise.

  - ### coerceData

    public void coerceData(boolean isAlphaPremultiplied)
    Forces the data to match the state specified in the `isAlphaPremultiplied` variable. It may multiply or divide the color raster data by alpha, or do nothing if the data is in the correct state.
    Parameters:
      `isAlphaPremultiplied` - `true` if the alpha has been premultiplied; `false` otherwise.

  - ### toString

    public String toString()
    Returns a `String` representation of this `BufferedImage` object and its values.
    Overrides:
      `toString` in class `Object`
    Returns:
      a `String` representing this `BufferedImage`.

  - ### getSources

    public Vector<RenderedImage> getSources()
    Returns a `Vector` of `RenderedImage` objects that are the immediate sources, not the sources of these immediate sources, of image data for this `BufferedImage`. This method returns `null` if the `BufferedImage` has no information about its immediate sources. It returns an empty `Vector` if the `BufferedImage` has no immediate sources.
    Specified by:
      `getSources` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      a `Vector` containing immediate sources of this `BufferedImage` object's image date, or `null` if this `BufferedImage` has no information about its immediate sources, or an empty `Vector` if this `BufferedImage` has no immediate sources.

  - ### getPropertyNames

    public String[] getPropertyNames()
    Returns an array of names recognized by `getProperty(String)` or `null`, if no property names are recognized.
    Specified by:
      `getPropertyNames` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      a `String` array containing all of the property names that `getProperty(String)` recognizes; or `null` if no property names are recognized.

  - ### getMinX

    public int getMinX()
    Returns the minimum x coordinate of this `BufferedImage`. This is always zero.
    Specified by:
      `getMinX` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the minimum x coordinate of this `BufferedImage`.

  - ### getMinY

    public int getMinY()
    Returns the minimum y coordinate of this `BufferedImage`. This is always zero.
    Specified by:
      `getMinY` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the minimum y coordinate of this `BufferedImage`.

  - ### getSampleModel

    public SampleModel getSampleModel()
    Returns the `SampleModel` associated with this `BufferedImage`.
    Specified by:
      `getSampleModel` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the `SampleModel` of this `BufferedImage`.

  - ### getNumXTiles

    public int getNumXTiles()
    Returns the number of tiles in the x direction. This is always one.
    Specified by:
      `getNumXTiles` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the number of tiles in the x direction.

  - ### getNumYTiles

    public int getNumYTiles()
    Returns the number of tiles in the y direction. This is always one.
    Specified by:
      `getNumYTiles` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the number of tiles in the y direction.

  - ### getMinTileX

    public int getMinTileX()
    Returns the minimum tile index in the x direction. This is always zero.
    Specified by:
      `getMinTileX` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the minimum tile index in the x direction.

  - ### getMinTileY

    public int getMinTileY()
    Returns the minimum tile index in the y direction. This is always zero.
    Specified by:
      `getMinTileY` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the minimum tile index in the y direction.

  - ### getTileWidth

    public int getTileWidth()
    Returns the tile width in pixels.
    Specified by:
      `getTileWidth` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the tile width in pixels.

  - ### getTileHeight

    public int getTileHeight()
    Returns the tile height in pixels.
    Specified by:
      `getTileHeight` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the tile height in pixels.

  - ### getTileGridXOffset

    public int getTileGridXOffset()
    Returns the x offset of the tile grid relative to the origin, For example, the x coordinate of the location of tile (0, 0). This is always zero.
    Specified by:
      `getTileGridXOffset` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the x offset of the tile grid.

  - ### getTileGridYOffset

    public int getTileGridYOffset()
    Returns the y offset of the tile grid relative to the origin, For example, the y coordinate of the location of tile (0, 0). This is always zero.
    Specified by:
      `getTileGridYOffset` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      the y offset of the tile grid.

  - ### getTile

    public Raster getTile(int tileX, int tileY)
    Returns tile (`tileX`, `tileY`). Note that `tileX` and `tileY` are indices into the tile array, not pixel locations. The `Raster` that is returned is live, which means that it is updated if the image is changed.
    Specified by:
      `getTile` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Parameters:
      `tileX` - the x index of the requested tile in the tile array
      `tileY` - the y index of the requested tile in the tile array
    Returns:
      a `Raster` that is the tile defined by the arguments `tileX` and `tileY`.
    Throws:
      `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` - if both `tileX` and `tileY` are not equal to 0

  - ### getData

    public Raster getData()
    Returns the image as one large tile. The `Raster` returned is a copy of the image data is not updated if the image is changed.
    Specified by:
      `getData` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Returns:
      a `Raster` that is a copy of the image data.
    See Also:
      - `setData(Raster)`

  - ### getData

    public Raster getData(Rectangle rect)
    Computes and returns an arbitrary region of the `BufferedImage`. The `Raster` returned is a copy of the image data and is not updated if the image is changed.
    Specified by:
      `getData` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Parameters:
      `rect` - the region of the `BufferedImage` to be returned.
    Returns:
      a `Raster` that is a copy of the image data of the specified region of the `BufferedImage`
    See Also:
      - `setData(Raster)`

  - ### copyData

    public WritableRaster copyData(WritableRaster outRaster)
    Computes an arbitrary rectangular region of the `BufferedImage` and copies it into a specified `WritableRaster`. The region to be computed is determined from the bounds of the specified `WritableRaster`. The specified `WritableRaster` must have a `SampleModel` that is compatible with this image. If `outRaster` is `null`, an appropriate `WritableRaster` is created.
    Specified by:
      `copyData` in interface `RenderedImage`
    Parameters:
      `outRaster` - a `WritableRaster` to hold the returned part of the image, or `null`
    Returns:
      a reference to the supplied or created `WritableRaster`.

  - ### setData

    public void setData(Raster r)
    Sets a rectangular region of the image to the contents of the specified `Raster r`, which is assumed to be in the same coordinate space as the `BufferedImage`. The operation is clipped to the bounds of the `BufferedImage`.
    Specified by:
      `setData` in interface `WritableRenderedImage`
    Parameters:
      `r` - the specified `Raster`
    See Also:
      - `getData()`
      - `getData(Rectangle)`

  - ### addTileObserver

    public void addTileObserver(TileObserver to)
    Adds a tile observer. If the observer is already present, it receives multiple notifications.

    This method ignores its parameters and does nothing, since `BufferedImage` is always checked out for writing and cannot be made read-only, so there can never be events to dispatch.

    Specified by:
      `addTileObserver` in interface `WritableRenderedImage`
    Parameters:
      `to` - the specified `TileObserver`

  - ### removeTileObserver

    public void removeTileObserver(TileObserver to)
    Removes a tile observer. If the observer was not registered, nothing happens. If the observer was registered for multiple notifications, it is now registered for one fewer notification.

    This method ignores the given observer, since `addTileObserver(TileObserver)` adds none.

    Specified by:
      `removeTileObserver` in interface `WritableRenderedImage`
    Parameters:
      `to` - the specified `TileObserver`.

  - ### isTileWritable

    public boolean isTileWritable(int tileX, int tileY)
    Returns whether or not a tile is currently checked out for writing. The only tile in a `BufferedImage` is at (0,0) and it is always writable, so calling this method with (0,0) will always return `true`, and any other coordinate will cause an exception to be thrown.
    Specified by:
      `isTileWritable` in interface `WritableRenderedImage`
    Parameters:
      `tileX` - the x index of the tile.
      `tileY` - the y index of the tile.
    Returns:
      `true` if the tile specified by the specified indices is checked out for writing; `false` otherwise.
    Throws:
      `IllegalArgumentException` - if either `tileX` or `tileY` is not equal to 0

  - ### getWritableTileIndices

    public Point[] getWritableTileIndices()
    Returns an array of `Point` objects indicating which tiles are checked out for writing. Returns `null` if none are checked out.

    Since a `BufferedImage` consists of a single tile, and that tile is always checked out for writing, this method returns an array of one point. Further, the offset shall be consistent with `getMinTileX()` and `getMinTileY()`, which are always (0,0) in `BufferedImage`. That will always be the coordinates of the single returned `Point`.

    Specified by:
      `getWritableTileIndices` in interface `WritableRenderedImage`
    Returns:
      a `Point` array that indicates the tiles that are checked out for writing, or `null` if no tiles are checked out for writing.

  - ### hasTileWriters

    public boolean hasTileWriters()
    Returns whether or not any tile is checked out for writing. Semantically equivalent to

         (getWritableTileIndices() != null).

    Specified by:
      `hasTileWriters` in interface `WritableRenderedImage`
    Returns:
      `true` if any tile is checked out for writing; `false` otherwise.

  - ### getWritableTile

    public WritableRaster getWritableTile(int tileX, int tileY)
    Checks out a tile for writing. All registered `TileObservers` are notified when a tile goes from having no writers to having one writer.

    This method unconditionally returns the single tile without checking the passed values. No listeners are notified since the returned tile is always checked out for writing.

    Specified by:
      `getWritableTile` in interface `WritableRenderedImage`
    Parameters:
      `tileX` - the x index of the tile
      `tileY` - the y index of the tile
    Returns:
      a `WritableRaster` that is the tile, indicated by the specified indices, to be checked out for writing.

  - ### releaseWritableTile

    public void releaseWritableTile(int tileX, int tileY)
    Relinquishes permission to write to a tile. If the caller continues to write to the tile, the results are undefined. Calls to this method should only appear in matching pairs with calls to `getWritableTile(int, int)`. Any other leads to undefined results. All registered `TileObservers` are notified when a tile goes from having one writer to having no writers.

    This method immediately returns without checking the passed values. No listeners are notified since the single tile is always checked out for writing.

    Specified by:
      `releaseWritableTile` in interface `WritableRenderedImage`
    Parameters:
      `tileX` - the x index of the tile
      `tileY` - the y index of the tile

  - ### getTransparency

    public int getTransparency()
    Returns the transparency. Returns either OPAQUE, BITMASK, or TRANSLUCENT.
    Specified by:
      `getTransparency` in interface `Transparency`
    Returns:
      the transparency of this `BufferedImage`.
    Since:
      1.5
    See Also:
      - `Transparency.OPAQUE`
      - `Transparency.BITMASK`
      - `Transparency.TRANSLUCENT`