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Oracle
® Fail Safe Concepts and Administration Guide
Release 3.3.1 for Windows
Part No. A96684-01
Index
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Title and Copyright Information
Send Us Your Comments
Preface
Intended Audience
Documentation Accessibility
Structure
Related Documents
Conventions
Documentation Sales
1 Introduction to Oracle Fail Safe
1.1 What Is Oracle Fail Safe?
1.2 Benefits of Oracle Fail Safe
1.2.1 Highly Available Resources and Applications
1.2.2 Easy to Use
1.2.3 Easy to Integrate with Applications
1.3 A Typical Oracle Fail Safe Configuration
1.4 Deploying Oracle Fail Safe Solutions
2 Cluster Concepts
2.1 Cluster Technology
2.1.1 How Clusters Provide High Availability
2.1.2 System-Level Configuration
2.1.3 Disk-Level Configuration
2.1.4 The Quorum Resource
2.2 Resources, Groups, and High Availability
2.2.1 Resources
2.2.2 Groups
2.2.3 Resource Dependencies
2.2.4 Resource Types
2.3 Groups, Virtual Addresses, and Virtual Servers
2.4 Allocating IP Addresses for Virtual Addresses
2.5 Cluster Group and Cluster Alias
2.6 Failover
2.6.1 Unplanned Failover
2.6.1.1 Unplanned Failover Due to a Resource Failure
2.6.1.2 Unplanned Failover Due to Node Failure or Unavailability
2.6.1.3 Planned Group Failover
2.6.2 Group and Resource Policies That Affect Failover
2.6.3 How a Resource Failure Is Detected
2.6.4 Resource Restart Policy
2.6.5 Resource Failover Policy
2.6.6 Resource Possible Owner Nodes List
2.6.7 Group Failover Policy
2.6.8 Effect of Resource Restart Policy and Group Failover Policy on Failover
2.6.9 Group Failover and the Preferred Owner Nodes List
2.6.10 Determining the Failover Node for a Group
2.7 Failback
2.7.1 Group Failback and the Preferred Owner Nodes List
2.7.2 Client Reconnection After Failover
3 Designing an Oracle Fail Safe Solution
3.1 Customizing Your Configuration
3.1.1 Active/Passive Configuration
3.1.2 Active/Active Configuration
3.1.3 Partitioned Workload Configuration
3.1.4 Multitiered Configuration
3.2 Disaster-Tolerant High Availability
3.3 Integrating Clients and Applications
4 Management for High Availability
4.1 What Does It Mean to Configure Failover?
4.2 How Does Oracle Fail Safe Use the Wizard Input?
4.3 Managing Cluster Security
4.3.1 Oracle Services for MSCS
4.3.1.1 Account Updates Using the Oracle Fail Safe Security Setup Tool
4.3.2 Oracle Fail Safe Manager
4.4 Discovering Standalone Resources
4.5 Renaming Resources
4.6 Using Oracle Fail Safe in a Multiple Oracle Homes Environment
4.7 Configurations Using Multiple Virtual Addresses
4.8 Adding a Node to an Existing Cluster
5 The FSCMD Command-Line Interface
FSCMD
6 Troubleshooting Tools
6.1 Verify Operations
6.1.1 Verify Cluster
6.1.2 Verify Group
6.1.3 Verify Standalone Database
6.2 Dump Cluster
6.3 Finding Additional Troubleshooting Information
7 Configuring Single-Instance Databases for High Availability
7.1 Discovering Standalone Single-Instance Databases
7.2 Oracle Net Configuration for Standalone Single-Instance Databases
7.2.1 Updating the Oracle Net Configuration for a Database Created Using DBCA
7.2.2 Listener Must Use IP Address, Not Host Name
7.2.3 SID List Entries and Upgrades to Oracle8
i
or Oracle9
i
Software
7.2.4 Configuring Oracle Net on Nodes with Multiple Listeners
7.2.5 Shared Server Configuration and a Standalone Oracle8
i
or Oracle9
i
Database
7.3 Adding Single-Instance Oracle Databases to a Group
7.3.1 Before You Get Started
7.3.2 Configuration Steps
7.3.3 Configuration Data for Oracle Databases
7.3.3.1 Choose Nodes
7.3.3.2 Virtual Address
7.3.3.3 Database Identity
7.3.3.4 Database Authentication
7.3.3.5 Database Password
7.4 Oracle Net Listener Resource Creation and Configuration
7.4.1 Using Shared Sockets in Dedicated Server Mode
7.4.2 Client Connections to Highly Available Single-Instance Databases
7.4.3 Updated Oracle Net Configuration After Adding a Database to a Group
7.4.3.1 Updates That Oracle Fail Safe Makes to the tnsnames.ora File
7.4.3.2 Updates That Oracle Fail Safe Makes to the listener.ora File
7.4.3.3 Updates That Oracle Fail Safe Makes to the sqlnet.ora File
7.4.4 Using External Procedures with Databases Configured for High Availability
7.4.5 Support for Databases Using Shared Servers
7.4.5.1 Shared Servers for Oracle8 Databases
7.4.5.2 Shared Servers for Oracle8
i
or Oracle9
i
Databases
7.5 Security Requirements for Single-Instance Databases
7.5.1 Synchronizing Password Files on Cluster Nodes
7.5.2 Changing the SYSDBA Account Password
7.5.3 Upgrading a Fail-Safe Database with the Oracle Database Upgrade Assistant
7.6 Configuring a ctxsrv Server for High Availability
7.7 Integrating with Oracle Enterprise Manager
7.7.1 Adding an Oracle Intelligent Agent to a Group
7.8 Optimizations for Single-Instance Database Recovery
7.9 Performing Administrative Tasks on a Single-Instance Fail-Safe Database
7.10 Configuring Transparent Application Failover (TAF)
7.10.1 What Transparent Application Failover Restores
7.10.2 What Happens During Transparent Application Failover
7.10.3 Modifying the tnsnames.ora File for Transparent Application Failover
7.10.3.1 Configuring the HOST Parameter
7.10.3.2 Configuring the CONNECT_DATA Parameter
7.10.4 Transparent Application Failover Demonstration Application
7.11 Handling Errors and Troubleshooting Problems with Databases
7.11.1 Handling Errors That Occur When Bringing a Database Online
7.11.2 Troubleshooting Problems
7.11.3 Problems Adding a Database to a Group
7.11.4 Problems Placing a Group Online
7.11.5 Group Fails Over During Processing-Intensive Operations
7.11.6 Database Authentication
7.11.7 Problems with Sample Databases
7.11.8 Problems with Virtual Server Configurations
7.11.8.1 Problems Configuring the Virtual Address
7.11.8.2 Problems Creating Listeners
7.11.8.3 Archived listener.ora or tnsnames.ora Files
7.11.8.4 Rollback Files
7.11.9 Security Access and Authentication Problems
7.11.10 Clients Cannot Access a Database
8 Configuring Oracle Forms Load Balancer Servers for High Availability
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Discovering Standalone Oracle Forms Load Balancer Servers
8.3 Adding Oracle Forms Load Balancer Servers to a Group
8.3.1 Before You Get Started
8.3.2 Configuration Steps
8.3.3 Configuration Data for Oracle Forms Load Balancer Servers
8.3.3.1 Choose Nodes
8.3.3.2 Oracle Forms Load Balancer Server Listener Virtual Address
8.3.3.3 Oracle Forms Load Balancer Server Identity
8.4 Security Requirements for Oracle Forms Load Balancer Servers
8.5 Startup Parameter Changes
8.5.1 Changes to Startup Parameters for Forms CGI-Bin Executable Files
8.5.2 Changes to Startup Parameters for Oracle Forms Load Balancer Clients
8.5.3 Changes to Startup Parameters for Oracle Forms Servers
8.5.4 Changing Startup Parameters for Oracle Forms Load Balancer Server
8.6 Troubleshooting Problems with Oracle Forms Load Balancer Servers
9 Configuring Oracle Forms Servers for High Availability
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Discovering Standalone Oracle Forms Servers
9.3 Adding Oracle Forms Servers to a Group
9.3.1 Before You Get Started
9.3.2 Configuration Steps
9.3.3 Configuration Data for Oracle Forms Servers
9.3.3.1 Choose Nodes
9.3.3.2 Forms Server Virtual Address
9.3.3.3 Forms Server Identity
9.3.3.4 Forms Parameters
9.3.3.5 Path to Oracle Forms Application Files
9.3.3.6 Oracle Databases Accessed by the Oracle Forms Application
9.4 Security Requirements for Oracle Forms Servers
9.5 Client Connection to Oracle Forms Servers
9.6 Troubleshooting Problems with Oracle Forms Servers
9.6.1 Users Cannot Access the Oracle Forms Server
9.6.2 Web Browser Cannot Download the Java Applet
9.6.3 Java Applet Does Not Run
9.6.4 Web Browser Is Unable to Reload the Java Applet After a Failover
9.6.5 Application Cannot Find the Forms Application
9.6.6 Oracle Forms Application Does Not Run Properly
9.6.7 Web Browser Cannot Access Additional Pages of a Multiform Application
10 Configuring Oracle Reports Servers for High Availability
10.1 Introduction and Implementation Options
10.1.1 Web-Based Implementation
10.1.2 Client/Server Implementation
10.1.3 Master/Slave Implementation
10.2 Discovering Standalone Oracle Reports Servers
10.3 Adding Oracle Reports Servers to a Group
10.3.1 Before You Get Started
10.3.2 Configuration Steps
10.3.3 Configuration Data for Oracle Reports Servers
10.3.3.1 Choose Nodes
10.3.3.2 Virtual Address
10.3.3.3 Oracle Reports Server Identity
10.3.3.4 Location of Source, Cache, and Jobs Directories
10.3.3.5 Databases Accessed by Oracle Reports Server
10.3.3.6 Account Under Which Oracle Reports Server Runs
10.4 Client Connection to Oracle Reports Servers
10.4.1 Updating tnsnames.ora Files for Client Access to Oracle Reports Servers
10.5 Post-Configuration Steps for Master/Slave Implementations
10.5.1 Introduction to the Master/Slave Example
10.5.2 Enabling Communication Between Master and Slaves
10.5.2.1 Adjustments for the Master Server
10.5.2.2 Adjustments for the Slave Servers
10.5.3 Adding a Slave Server to an Existing Master/Slave Implementation
10.5.3.1 Adjustments for the Master Oracle Reports Server
10.5.3.2 Adjustments for the Slave Server
10.6 Controlling User Access to Highly Available Oracle Reports Servers
10.7 Scheduling Oracle Reports
10.7.1 Using a Jobs Repository with Highly Available Oracle Reports Servers
10.8 Troubleshooting Problems with Oracle Reports Servers
10.8.1 Oracle HTTP Server Cannot Find the rwcgi60.exe File
10.8.2 Oracle Reports Server Tries to Download the rwcgi60.exe File
10.8.3 Users Cannot Communicate with the Oracle Reports Server
10.8.4 Web Browser Cannot Find the Oracle Reports Definition File
10.8.5 Oracle Reports Application Does Not Run Properly
10.8.6 Users Cannot Locate Reports Output
11 Configuring Oracle HTTP Servers for High Availability
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Discovering Standalone Oracle HTTP Servers
11.3 Adding Oracle HTTP Servers to a Group
11.3.1 Before You Get Started
11.3.2 Oracle HTTP Server Configuration Steps
11.3.3 Configuration Data for Oracle HTTP Servers
11.3.3.1 Choose Nodes
11.3.3.2 Oracle HTTP Server Identity
11.3.3.3 Oracle HTTP Server Directories
11.3.3.4 Oracle HTTP Server Virtual Address
11.4 Client Connection to Oracle HTTP Servers
11.5 Removing an Oracle HTTP Server from a Group
11.6 Security Requirements for Oracle HTTP Servers
11.7 Troubleshooting Problems with Oracle HTTP Servers
11.7.1 Problems Adding an Oracle HTTP Server to a Group
11.7.2 Users Cannot Access the Oracle HTTP Server
11.7.3 Users Are Unable to Connect to the Oracle HTTP Server Web Site
11.7.4 Users Cannot Access Documents on the Web Site
12 Configuring Oracle Applications Concurrent Managers for High Availability
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Discovering Standalone Oracle Applications Concurrent Managers
12.3 Adding Oracle Applications Concurrent Managers to a Group
12.3.1 Before You Get Started
12.3.2 Configuration Steps
12.3.3 Configuration Data for Oracle Applications Concurrent Managers
12.3.3.1 Choose Nodes
12.3.3.2 Oracle Applications Concurrent Manager Virtual Address
12.3.3.3 Concurrent Manager Identity
12.3.3.4 Concurrent Manager Authentication
12.3.3.5 Concurrent Manager Database
12.4 Security Requirements for Oracle Applications Concurrent Managers
12.5 Troubleshooting Problems with Oracle Applications Concurrent Managers
12.5.1 Problems Adding an Oracle Applications Concurrent Manager to a Group
12.5.2 Problems Placing a Group Online
12.5.3 Windows Service for Concurrent Manager Accidently Deleted
12.5.4 Concurrent Manager Will Not Come Online
13 Configuring Oracle MTS Services for High Availability
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Discovering Standalone Oracle MTS Services
13.3 Adding Oracle MTS Services to a Group
13.3.1 Before You Get Started
13.3.2 Configuration Steps
13.3.3 Configuration Data for an Oracle MTS Service
13.3.3.1 Choose Nodes
13.3.3.2 Oracle MTS Service Virtual Address
13.3.3.3 Oracle MTS Service Identity
13.3.3.4 Oracle MTS Service Database
13.3.3.5 Oracle MTS Service Authentication
13.4 Security Requirements for Oracle MTS Services
13.5 Troubleshooting Problems with Oracle MTS Services
13.5.1 Problems Adding an Oracle MTS Service to a Group
13.5.2 Problems Placing a Group Online
13.5.3 Windows Service for Oracle MTS Service Deleted
14 Configuring Generic Services for High Availability
14.1 Introduction
14.1.1 Advantages of Using Oracle Fail Safe
14.1.2 Generic Resources That Should Not Be Configured for High Availability
14.2 Discovering Standalone Generic Services
14.3 Adding Generic Services to a Group
14.3.1 Configuration Steps
14.3.2 Configuration Data for Generic Services
14.3.2.1 Choose Nodes
14.3.2.2 Generic Service Identity
14.3.2.3 Generic Service Startup Parameters
14.3.2.4 Disks Used by a Generic Service
14.3.2.5 Generic Service Dependencies
14.3.2.6 Generic Service Registry Keys
14.4 Security Requirements for Generic Services
14.5 Configuring the Sample Generic Service
14.6 Troubleshooting Problems with Generic Services
A ODBC and OCI Demos
B Network Configuration Requirements
B.1 Registering Host Names and IP Addresses
B.2 Validating Proper Name Resolution in the Cluster
B.3 Troubleshooting Problems with Improper Name Resolution
B.3.1 Recommended Solution for Windows NT Service Pack 5 and Higher
B.3.2 Recommended Solution for Windows 2000
C Contacting Oracle Support Services
C.1 Reporting a Problem
C.2 Finding Your Version Information
C.3 Tracing Oracle Fail Safe Problems
C.4 Locating Trace and ALERT Files
Glossary
Index
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All rights reserved
Index
