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| Oracle Solaris Cluster Concepts Guide Oracle Solaris Cluster 4.1

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## Cluster File Systems

Oracle Solaris Cluster software provides a cluster file system based on the Oracle Solaris Cluster Proxy File System (PxFS). The cluster file system has the following features:

- File access locations are transparent. A process can open a file that is located anywhere in the system. Processes on all cluster nodes can use the same path name to locate a file.

  Note - When the cluster file system reads files, it does not update the access time on those files.

- Coherency protocols are used to preserve the UNIX file access semantics even if the file is accessed concurrently from multiple nodes.

- Extensive caching is used along with zero-copy bulk I/O movement to move file data efficiently.

- The cluster file system provides highly available, advisory file-locking functionality by using the `fcntl` command interfaces. Applications that run on multiple cluster nodes can synchronize access to data by using advisory file locking on a cluster file system. File locks are recovered immediately from nodes that leave the cluster, and from applications that fail while holding locks.

- Continuous access to data is ensured, even when failures occur. Applications are not affected by failures if a path to disks is still operational. This guarantee is maintained for raw disk access and all file system operations.

- Cluster file systems are independent from the underlying file system and volume management software.

You can mount a file system on a global device globally with `mount `-g`` or locally with `mount`.

Programs can access a file in a cluster file system from any node in the cluster through the same file name (for example, `/global/foo`).

A cluster file system is mounted on all cluster members. You cannot mount a cluster file system on a subset of cluster members.

A cluster file system is not a distinct file system type. Clients verify the underlying file system (for example, UFS).

### Using Cluster File Systems

In the Oracle Solaris Cluster software, all multihost disks are placed into device groups, which can be Solaris Volume Manager disk sets, raw-disk groups, or individual disks that are not under control of a software-based volume manager.

For a cluster file system to be highly available, the underlying disk storage must be connected to more than one cluster node. Therefore, a local file system (a file system that is stored on a node's local disk) that is made into a cluster file system is not highly available.

You can mount cluster file systems as you would mount file systems:

- Manually. Use the `mount` command and the `-g` or `-o` `global` mount options to mount the cluster file system from the command line, for example:

      SPARC: # mount -g /dev/global/dsk/d0s0 /global/oracle/data

- Automatically. Create an entry in the `/etc/vfstab` file with a global mount option to mount the cluster file system at boot. You then create a mount point under the `/global` directory on all nodes. The directory `/global` is a recommended location, not a requirement. Here's a sample line for a cluster file system from an `/etc/vfstab` file:

      /dev/md/oracle/dsk/d1 /dev/md/oracle/rdsk/d1 /global/oracle/data ufs 2 yes global,logging

Note - While Oracle Solaris Cluster software does not impose a naming policy for cluster file systems, you can ease administration by creating a mount point for all cluster file systems under the same directory, such as `/global/disk-group`. See the Oracle Solaris Cluster System Administration Guide for more information.

### `HAStoragePlus` Resource Type

The `HAStoragePlus` resource type is designed to make local and global file system configurations highly available. You can use the `HAStoragePlus` resource type to integrate your shared local or global file system into the Oracle Solaris Cluster environment and make the file system highly available.

Oracle Solaris Cluster systems support the following cluster file system:

- UNIX® File System (UFS) – Uses Oracle Solaris Cluster Proxy File System (PxFS)

Oracle Solaris Cluster software supports the following as highly available failover local file systems:

- UFS

- Solaris ZFS (default file system)

The `HAStoragePlus` resource type provides additional file system capabilities such as checks, mounts, and forced unmounts. These capabilities enable Oracle Solaris Cluster to fail over local file systems. In order to fail over, the local file system must reside on global disk groups with affinity switchovers enabled.

See Enabling Highly Available Local File Systems in Oracle Solaris Cluster Data Services Planning and Administration Guide for information about how to use the `HAStoragePlus` resource type.

You can also use the `HAStoragePlus` resource type to synchronize the startup of resources and device groups on which the resources depend. For more information, see Resources, Resource Groups, and Resource Types.

### `syncdir` Mount Option

You can use the `syncdir` mount option for cluster file systems that use UFS as the underlying file system. However, performance significantly improves if you do not specify `syncdir`. If you specify `syncdir`, the writes are guaranteed to be POSIX compliant. If you do not specify `syncdir`, you experience the same behavior as in NFS file systems. For example, without `syncdir`, you might not discover an out of space condition until you close a file. With `syncdir` (and POSIX behavior), the out-of-space condition would have been discovered during the write operation. The cases in which you might have problems if you do not specify `syncdir` are rare.

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