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Sun Java System Application Server Standard and Enterprise Edition 7 2004Q2 Performance and Tuning Guide

> ## About This Guide

> The Sun Java™ System Application Server Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition provides a high-performance Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EETM)-compatible platform suitable for broad deployment of application services and web services.

> This Performance Tuning Guide discusses the various subsystems, features, and tools inside the Application Server and how to tune them for maximum performance and reliability.

> This preface addresses the following topics:

> - Who Should Use This Guide
> - Using the Documentation
> - How This Guide Is Organized
> - Documentation Conventions
> - Contacting Sun

> ##

> Who Should Use This Guide

> This guide is intended for server administrators, J2EE developers, network administrators, and evaluators. This guide helps you tune the Application Server for maximum performance and reliability. It is recommended that you backup your configuration files, before changing the configuration settings on Application Server.

> This guide assumes you are familiar with the following topics:

> - Internet and World Wide Web
> - Java programming
> - J2EE application model
> - Application Servers
> - Your operating system:
> - Solaris™
> - Linux
> - Solaris on x86

> ##

> Using the Documentation

> The Sun Java System Application Server Standard and Enterprise Edition manuals are available as online files in Portable Document Format (PDF) and Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).

> The following table lists tasks and concepts described in the Sun Java System Application Server manuals. The manuals marked (updated for 7 2004Q2) have been updated for the Sun Java System Application Server Standard and Enterprise Edition 7 2004Q2 release. The manuals not marked in this way have not been updated since the version 7 Enterprise Edition release.

> Table 1 Sun Java System Application Server Documentation Roadmap

> For information about | See the following
> --- | ---
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Late-breaking information about the software and the documentation. Includes a comprehensive, table-based summary of supported hardware, operating system, JDK, and JDBC/RDBMS. | Release Notes
> Sun Java System Application Server 7 overview, including the features available with each product edition. | Product Overview
> Diagrams and descriptions of server architecture and the benefits of the Sun Java System Application Server architectural approach. | Server Architecture
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) How to get started with the Sun Java System Application Server product. Includes a sample application tutorial. There are two guides, one for Standard Edition and one for Enterprise Edition. | Getting Started Guide
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Installing the Sun Java System Application Server Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition software and its components, such as sample applications and the Administration interface. For the Enterprise Edition software, instructions are provided for implementing the high-availability configuration. | Installation Guide
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Evaluating your system needs and enterprise to ensure that you deploy Sun Java System Application Server in a manner that best suits your site. General issues and concerns that you must be aware of when deploying an application server are also discussed. | System Deployment Guide
> Creating and implementing Java™ 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE™ platform) applications intended to run on the Sun Java System Application Server that follow the open Java standards model for J2EE components such as servlets, Enterprise JavaBeans™ (EJBs™), and JavaServer Pages™ (JSPs™). Includes general information about application design, developer tools, security, assembly, deployment, debugging, and creating lifecycle modules. A comprehensive Sun Java System Application Server glossary is included. | Developer’s Guide
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Creating and implementing J2EE web applications that follow the Java™ Servlet and JavaServer Pages (JSP) specifications on the Sun Java System Application Server. Discusses web application programming concepts and tasks, and provides sample code, implementation tips, and reference material. Topics include results caching, JSP precompilation, session management, security, deployment, SHTML, and CGI. | Developer’s Guide to Web Applications
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Creating and implementing J2EE applications that follow the open Java standards model for enterprise beans on the Sun Java System Application Server. Discusses Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) programming concepts and tasks, and provides sample code, implementation tips, and reference material. Topics include container-managed persistence, read-only beans, and the XML and DTD files associated with enterprise beans. | Developer’s Guide to Enterprise JavaBeans Technology
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Creating Application Client Container (ACC) clients that access J2EE applications on the Sun Java System Application Server. | Developer’s Guide to Clients
> Creating web services in the Sun Java System Application Server environment. | Developer’s Guide to Web Services
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Java™ Database Connectivity (JDBC™), transaction, Java Naming and Directory Interface™ (JNDI), Java™ Message Service (JMS), and JavaMail™ APIs. | Developer’s Guide to J2EE Services and APIs
> Creating custom NSAPI plug-ins. | Developer’s Guide to NSAPI
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Information and instructions on the configuration, management, and deployment of the Sun Java System Application Server subsystems and components, from both the Administration interface and the command-line interface. Topics include cluster management, the high-availability database, load balancing, and session persistence. A comprehensive Sun Java System Application Server glossary is included. | Administration Guide
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Editing Sun Java System Application Server configuration files, such as the server.xml file. | Administrator’s Configuration File Reference
> Configuring and administering security for the Sun Java System Application Server operational environment. Includes information on general security, certificates, and SSL/TLS encryption. HTTP server-based security is also addressed. | Administrator’s Guide to Security
> Configuring and administering service provider implementation for J2EE™ Connector Architecture (CA) connectors for the Sun Java System Application Server. Topics include the Administration Tool, Pooling Monitor, deploying a JCA connector, and sample connectors and sample applications. | J2EE CA Service Provider Implementation Administrator’s Guide
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Migrating your applications to the new Sun Java System Application Server programming model, specifically from iPlanet Application Server 6.x and Sun ONE Application Server 7.0. Includes a sample migration. | Migrating and Redeploying Server Applications Guide
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) How and why to tune your Sun Java System Application Server to improve performance. | Performance Tuning Guide
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Information on solving Sun Java System Application Server problems. | Troubleshooting Guide
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Information on solving Sun Java System Application Server error messages. | Error Message Reference
> (Updated for 7 2004Q2) Utility commands available with the Sun Java System Application Server; written in manpage style. | Utility Reference Manual
> Using the Sun™ Java System Message Queue 3.5 software. | The Sun Java System Message Queue documentation at: http://docs.sun.com/db?p= prod/s1.s1msgqu

> ##

> How This Guide Is Organized

> This guide is organized as follows:

> Chapter 1, "About Application Server Performance" describes the techniques and processes involved in tuning Application Server.

> Chapter 2, "Tuning Your Application" describes practices and configuration settings you can use with your applications to ensure maximum performance.

> Chapter 3, "Tuning the Application Server" describes how you can configure the application server for your needs.

> Chapter 4, "Tuning the Java Runtime System" describes how you can configure the Java Virtual Machine to work optimally with the Application Server.

> Chapter 5, "Tuning the Operating System" describes how you can configure your operating system to work optimally with the Application Server.

> Chapter 6, "Tuning for High-Availability" describes how the high-availability database (HADB) that is used for storing persistent session state needs to be tuned for the Application Server. It also discusses how you can configure the high availability features of Application Server for your application.

> Appendix A, "Common Performance Problems" describes common performance problems users face when the Application Server is used as a classic web server.

> An “Index” is provided for quick reference lookups to key performance terms.

> ##

> Documentation Conventions

> This section describes the types of conventions used throughout this guide:

> - General Conventions
> - Conventions Referring to Directories

> ### General Conventions

> The following general conventions are used in this guide:

> - File and directory paths are given in UNIX® format (with forward slashes separating directory names). For Windows versions, the directory paths are the same, except that backslashes are used to separate directories.
> - URLs are given in the format:

> http://server.domain/path/file.html

> In these URLs, server is the server name where applications are run; domain is your Internet domain name; path is the server’s directory structure; and file is an individual filename. Italic items in URLs are placeholders.

> - Font conventions include:
> - The monospace font is used for sample code and code listings, API and language elements (such as function names and class names), file names, pathnames, directory names, and HTML tags.
> - Italic type is used for code variables.
> - Italic type is also used for book titles, emphasis, variables and placeholders, and words used in the literal sense.
> - Bold type is used as either a paragraph lead-in or to indicate words used in the literal sense.
> - Installation root directories for most platforms are indicated by install_dir in this document. Exceptions are noted in Conventions Referring to Directories.

> By default, the location of install_dir on most platforms is:

> - Solaris and Linux file-based installations:

> user’s home directory/sun/appserver7

> - Windows, all installations:

> system drive:\Sun\AppServer7

> For the platforms listed above, default_config_dir and install_config_dir are identical to install_dir. See Conventions Referring to Directories for exceptions and additional information.

> - Instance root directories are indicated by instance_dir in this document, which is an abbreviation for the following:

> default_config_dir/domains/domain/instance

> - UNIX-specific descriptions throughout this manual apply to the Linux operating system as well, except where Linux is specifically mentioned.

> ### Conventions Referring to Directories

> By default, when using the Solaris package-based or Linux RPM-based installation, the application server files are spread across several root directories. This guide uses the following document conventions to correspond to the various default installation directories provided:

> - install_dir refers to /opt/SUNWappserver7, which contains the static portion of the installation image. All utilities, executables, and libraries that make up the application server reside in this location.
> - default_config_dir refers to /var/opt/SUNWappserver7/domains, which is the default location for any domains that are created.
> - install_config_dir refers to /etc/opt/SUNWappserver7/config, which contains installation-wide configuration information such as licenses and the master list of administrative domains configured for this installation.

> ##

> Contacting Sun

> You might want to contact Sun Microsystems in order to:

> - Give Us Feedback
> - Obtain Training
> - Contact Product Support

> ### Give Us Feedback

> If you have general feedback on the product or documentation, please send this to http://www.sun.com/hwdocs/feedback

> ### Obtain Training

> Application Server training courses are available at:

> http://training.sun.com/US/catalog/enterprise/web_application.html/

> Visit this site often for new course availability on the Sun Java System Application Server.

> ### Contact Product Support

> If you have problems with your system, contact customer support using one of the following mechanisms:

> - The online support web site at:

> http://www.sun.com/supportraining/

> - The telephone dispatch number associated with your maintenance contract

> Please have the following information available prior to contacting support. This helps to ensure that our support staff can best assist you in resolving problems:

> - Description of the problem, including the situation where the problem occurs and its impact on your operation
> - Machine type, operating system version, and product version, including any patches and other software that might be affecting the problem. Here are some of the commonly used commands:
> - Solaris: pkginfo, showrev
> - Linux: rpm
> - All: asadmin version --verbose
> - Detailed steps on the methods you have used to reproduce the problem
> - Any error logs or core dumps
> - Configuration files such as:
> - instance_dir/config/server.xml
> - a web application’s web.xml file,
>   when a web application is involved in the problem
> - For an application, whether the problem appears when it is running in a cluster or standalone

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> Copyright 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.