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Oracle® Real User Experience Insight Installation Guide Release 5.1 for Linux x86-64 Part Number E14822-05 |
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# 3 Installing the Required Components

This chapter describes the procedure for installing all required components prior to installing RUEI. The installation of the RUEI software itself is described in Chapter 2, "Installing the Linux Operating System".

Note:

It is assumed throughout this guide that the installation is performed as the `root` user, unless indicated otherwise.

## 3.1 Mounting the Enterprise DVD

If the Enterprise Linux DVD is mounted automatically, the content is located in the directory `/media/Enterprise Linux dvd 20090127` (the date depends on the downloaded version of the DVD). If the DVD is not automatically mounted, use the following commands to mount it:

    mkdir -p /mnt/dvd
    mount /dev/dvd /mnt/dvd

Note:

In the rest of this chapter it is assumed the Linux operating system DVD is mounted on `/mnt/dvd`.

## 3.2 Installing Collector-Only System Prerequisites

Besides the base operating system, you do not need to install any additional RPM packages. You should proceed directly to Chapter 2, "Installing the Linux Operating System".

## 3.3 Installing the Database Prerequisites

Note the procedure described in this section is only required for a Reporter system with a local database.

1. Install all prerequisites for the Oracle database using the following commands:

       cd /mnt/dvd/Server
       rpm -Uhv kernel-headers-2.6.18-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \glibc-devel-2.5-* \
       glibc-headers-2.5-*.x86_64.rpm \gcc-4.1.2-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       gcc-c++-4.1.2-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       libgomp-4.3.2-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \libaio-devel-0.3.106-*.x86_64.rpm \
       sysstat-7.0.2-*.el5.x86_64.rpm

### 3.3.1 Installing the Reporter Prerequisites

1. Issue the following command to install all prerequisites for the Reporter:

       rpm -Uhv httpd-2.2.3-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       apr-1.2.7-*.x86_64.rpm \
       apr-util-1.2.7-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       php-5.1.6-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       mod_ssl-2.2.3-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       distcache-1.4.5-*.x86_64.rpm \
       php-common-5.1.6-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       php-cli-5.1.6-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       php-mbstring-5.1.6-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       php-gd-5.1.6-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       php-ldap-5.1.6-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       gmp-4.1.4-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       postgresql-libs-8.1.11-*.el5_1.1.x86_64.rpm \
       lm_sensors-2.10.7-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       net-snmp-5.3.2.2-*.el5.x86_64.rpm \
       net-snmp-utils-5.3.2.2-*.el5.x86_64.rpm

2. Issue the following the commands to install all optional fonts. Alternatively, install the multi-byte character sets necessary to meet your NLS requirements.

       rpm -Uhv fonts-*

3. Continue with the rest of the installation procedure from Section 3.4.1, "Creating the Database User Accounts and Groups".

### 3.3.2 Installing All Requirements Using a Yum Repository (Alternative)

As an alternative to manual installation, you can use a Yum repository to install the required RPMs. This requires a working Yum repository. For information on Yum repositories, see `http://linux.duke.edu/projects/yum/`. Install the necessary Oracle database packages using the following commands:

    yum -y install gccyum -y install gcc-c++yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33yum -y install libstdc++-develyum -y install elfutils-libelf-develyum -y install glibc-devel
    yum -y install libaio-devel
    yum -y install sysstat

Install the necessary Reporter packages using the following commands:

    yum -y install perl-URI
    yum -y install net-snmp
    yum -y install sendmail-cf
    yum -y install httpd
    yum -y install mod_ssl
    yum -y install php
    yum -y install php-gd
    yum -y install php-mbstring
    yum -y install php-ldap
    yum -y install bitstream-vera-fonts
    yum -y install librsvg2
    yum -y install xorg-x11-xinit
    yum -y install fonts-*

## 3.4 Installing and Configuring the Oracle Database

This section describes the procedure for installing the Oracle database. This section can be skipped if you preparing a Reporter server with a remote database or a Collector system. Continue with the installation procedure at Chapter 2, "Installing the Linux Operating System".

Download Oracle Database 11g Release 1 (11.1.0.6.0) Standard Edition, Standard Edition One, and Enterprise Edition from the Oracle database home page (`http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html`).

The procedure for installing the Oracle database is fully described in the product documentation. This section presents a summary of that procedure.

The information in this guide is based on the Oracle Database 11g for Linux x86-64 Quick Installation Guide. It is recommended that you download and review it. It is available at `http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32285/toc.htm`.

Note:

The Oracle database's maximum memory usage is set by the `MEMORY_TARGET` parameter. By default, this is set to 40% of the available server RAM. For example, in a system with 16 GB RAM, it is set to approximately 6.4 GB. Note that if extra RAM is added to the server system to increase performance, it is not made available to the Oracle database until the `MEMORY_TARGET` parameter is manually increased.

Information about automatic memory management is available at `http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28310/memory003.htm#ADMIN11200`.

### 3.4.1 Creating the Database User Accounts and Groups

1. Create two groups (`dba` and `oinstall`) with the following commands:

       /usr/sbin/groupadd dba/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

2. Create the `oracle` user, and specify `oinstall` as the primary group and `dba` as the secondary group, with the following command:

       /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

3. Set the `oracle` user password with the following command:

       passwd oracle

### 3.4.2 Configuring the Kernel Parameter Settings

1. Modify the `/etc/sysctl.conf` file to satisfy the Oracle installer's requirements by adding the following lines:

       kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000net.core.rmem_default = 4194304net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 262144fs.file-max = 6553600

2. Make these changes effective immediately with the following command:

       /sbin/sysctl -p

### 3.4.3 Setting Shell Limits for the Oracle User

1. To improve the performance of the software, you must increase the shell limits for the `oracle` user. Add the following lines to the `/etc/security/limits.conf` file:

       oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536

2. If not already present, add the following lines to the `/etc/pam.d/login` file:

       session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.sosession required pam_limits.so

3. Depending on the `oracle` user's default shell, you need to make changes to it. For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, add the following lines to the bottom of the `/etc/profile` file:

       if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then        ulimit -p 16384        ulimit -n 65536    else        ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536    fifi

   For information about other shells, you should refer to the Oracle Database 11g Release 1 for Linux x86-64 Quick Installation Guide (at `http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32285/toc.htm`).

### 3.4.4 Creating the Database Directory

Throughout this guide it is assumed that the directory `/u01/app` is the root of the Oracle installation. This is specified in the ORACLE_BASE environment variable.

1. Enter the following command to display information about all mounted file systems:

       df -k

   This command displays information about all the file systems mounted on the system, including:

   - The physical device name.

   - The total amount, used amount, and available amount of disk space.

   - The mount point directory for that file system.

2. Create the necessary subdirectories in the mount point directory that you identified and set the appropriate owner, group, and permissions for them using commands similar to the following:

       mkdir -p /u01/appchown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/appchmod -R 775 /u01/app

### 3.4.5 Configuring the Oracle User's Environment

1. Logon to the system as the `oracle` user.

2. Add or edit the `umask` setting in the `~/.bash_profile` file to the following:

       umask 022

3. Make the setting active for the current shell by issuing the following command:

       . ./.bash_profile

4. Set the ORACLE_BASE environment variable to define the location of the root of the Oracle directory tree:

       export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

5. Unzip the Oracle database installation zip file. This creates the directory `database`. Then, run the graphical installer (note this will not run under user `root`). Ensure that your X Window environment is properly set up. In addition, when logging on remotely with SSH, ensure X forwarding is enabled. Use the following commands:

       cd <location of the zip file>unzip linux_11gR1_database.zip./database/runInstaller

6. Use the installation wizard, and specify the values shown in Figure 3-1.

   Figure 3-1 Select Installation Method

   Description of "Figure 3-1 Select Installation Method"

   Note that the Create Starter Database check box should be unchecked.

7. When ready, click Next. Specify the values shown in Figure 3-2. When ready, click Next.

   Figure 3-2 Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials

   Description of "Figure 3-2 Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials"

   Important:

   Any warnings or errors reported during database installation (especially any missing prerequisites) must be resolved before proceeding. See Section 3.3.2, "Installing All Requirements Using a Yum Repository (Alternative)" and Appendix B, "Troubleshooting" for information about required components.

   If all dependencies are met, you can click Next.

8. When installation is almost complete, you are prompted to run two scripts, `orainstRoot.sh` and `root.sh`, as `root`. This is shown in Figure 3-3.

   Figure 3-3 Configuration Scripts

   Description of "Figure 3-3 Configuration Scripts"

   Run the two scripts indicated in Figure 3-3. They should be run in a terminal window as `root`. You will receive output similar to the following:

       /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory to 770.Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.The execution of the script is complete

       Finished product-specific root actions.

   The second script generates the following output:

       /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/root.sh
       Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...

       The following environment variables are set as:
           ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
           ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1

       Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
          Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
          Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
          Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

       Creating /etc/oratab file...
       Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
       Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
       Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
       Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

   On completion of each script, return the dialog shown in Figure 3-3, and click OK. In the main installer screen, verify that the message "The installation of Oracle database 11g was successful" appears. Click Exit, and confirm by clicking Yes.

### 3.4.6 Creating an Oracle init Script File

1. Logon as the `root` user.

2. Create an `/etc/init.d/oracledb` script file to start and stop the Oracle database. An example of this initialization script is available in the RUEI installation zip file (`/root/RUEI/50/oracledb`) explained in Chapter 2, "Installing the Linux Operating System". Note that you will need to modify the settings for the ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME environment variables shown above if you selected a different installation directory for the Oracle database.

3. Make the script file executable and use it to start the Oracle database with the following commands:

       chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracledb/sbin/chkconfig --add oracledb/sbin/service oracledb start

The Oracle database should now be up and running.

### 3.4.7 Setting the Memory Usage

For each Collector only system, set the available memory usage for the Oracle database to 10%. For example, if the system has 8 GB memory, then set the amount available to the Oracle database to 800 MB. To do so, issue the following commands as the `oracle` user:

    $ sqlplus / as sysdba
    SQL> alter system set memory_target=800M scope=both;

Note if you receive an error message stating the specified value is greater than MEMORY_MAX_TARGET, then the MEMORY_TARGET parameter has already been decreased.

Note that for Report systems, the default available memory usage setting does not need to be modified.