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Oracle® Application Server 10g Upgrading from Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) to 10g (9.0.4)
10g (9.0.4)
Part No. B13674-02
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1 Overview of the Oracle Application Server Upgrade

This chapter introduces the components and functionality involved in the upgrade from Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) to Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4), and highlights some usage changes in components in the new release.

It contains these sections:

1.1 The Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) to Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) Upgrade Process

This section describes the upgrade process, beginning with the installation of Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4), and discusses alternatives to upgrading manually.

1.1.1 Steps in the Upgrade Process

Upgrading to Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) consists of these steps:

  1. If you plan to use Infrastructure services, install the Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) Infrastructure installation type.

  2. Install the Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) middle tier of your choice (J2EE & Web Cache, Portal and Wireless, Business Intelligence and Forms).

    Important considerations for installation and upgrade:

    • Review carefully the Oracle Application Server 10g Installation Guide, Chapter 3, "Compatibility with Other Versions", and Chapter 4, "Requirements" to ensure that all requirements are met for your configuration.

    • If you are installing a Portal and Wireless middle tier, and intend to upgrade Oracle9iAS Wireless to Oracle Application Server Wireless, perform the installation within the sequence of steps in Section 5.3, "Preliminary OracleAS Wireless Upgrade Tasks". Those steps recommend backups of the middle tier and Infrastructure installations at certain junctures. In particular, do not configure the Wireless component during the installation.

  3. Perform the upgrade steps in this guide for the components you want to use in Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4).

1.1.2 An Alternative to Manual Upgrade

The procedure presented in this guide for upgrading middle tier instances from Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) to Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) is manual, with the exception of a few scripts for certain components. However, if you are upgrading from an Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) Core installation to a Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) J2EE and Web Cache installation type, it might be worthwhile to install the intermediate release, Oracle9iAS Release 2 (9.0.2), and use the Migration Assistant (provided in Oracle9iAS Release 2 (9.0.2)) and the Upgrade Assistant (provided in 10g (9.0.4)) to automate part of the upgrade. The majority of the configuration for Oracle HTTP Server, Oracle9iAS Containers for J2EE, and Oracle9iAS Web Cache is automated by the Assistants.

This alternative is probably worthy of consideration if you have an extensively customized Oracle HTTP Server, since the httpd.conf file is large (and thus time-consuming and error-prone to upgrade manually).

All upgrade and installation documentation from prior releases is available on Oracle Technology Network. The upgrade documentation, Migrating from Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) to Release 2 (9.0.2) and Upgrading to 10g (9.0.4) describes in detail the processing performed by the Migration Assistant and the Upgrade Assistant. Reviewing this documentation should inform your choice of upgrade method.

Before performing any of the installations, review the installation documentation for the release you are installing to ensure that coexistence and other requirements for your particular configuration are met.

The steps in the partially automated upgrade process are as follows:

  1. Install the Oracle9iAS Release 2 (9.0.2) middle tier on the same computer as the Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) middle tier.

  2. Follow the instructions in Migrating from Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) to Release 2 (9.0.2) in the Release 2 (9.0.2) documentation library. The Oracle9iAS Migration Assistant, described in the guide, automates much of the Oracle HTTP Server, Oracle9iAS Containers for J2EE, and Oracle9iAS Web Cache upgrades.

  3. After using the Migration Assistant, perform any manual tasks necessary to complete the upgrade of these components. The tasks are documented in Migrating from Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) to Release 2 (9.0.2)

  4. If you plan to use Infrastructure services in 10g (9.0.4), install the Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) Infrastructure.

  5. Install the Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) middle tier on the same computer as the Oracle9iAS Release 2 (9.0.2) middle tier.

  6. Follow the instructions in Upgrading to 10g (9.0.4) in the 10g (9.0.4) documentation library. The OracleAS Upgrade Assistant, described in the guide, automates much of the Oracle HTTP Server, Oracle9iAS Containers for J2EE, and Oracle9iAS Web Cache upgrades.

  7. After using the Upgrade Assistant, perform any manual upgrade tasks necessary to complete the upgrade of each component. The tasks are documented in Upgrading to 10g (9.0.4) in the Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) documentation library.

1.2 Component Usage and Functionality Changes Between Releases

Some components are common to Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) and the Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4); others have been deprecated or renamed. As a prelude to the upgrade discussion, it is useful to compare the two releases to identify usage changes and highlight benefits of upgrading. Table 1-1 identifies the Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) components and summarizes their disposition in Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4), providing a reference to the information about the changes to the component in the new release.

Table 1-1 Components in Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) and 10g (9.0.4)

Component in Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) Component in 10g (9.0.4) Description For more information, see:
Oracle HTTP Server (based on the Apache HTTP Server v. 1.3)

Available in Core, Minimal, Standard and Enterprise Editions

Oracle HTTP Server (based on the Apache HTTP Server v. 1.3.28)

Available in J2EE & Web Cache, Portal & Wireless, and Business Intelligence and Forms Editions

Oracle HTTP Server is the web server component of the Oracle Application Server that services HTTP and HTTPS requests from the Internet. Section 1.2.1, "Changes in the Oracle HTTP Server"

and

http://httpd.apache.org/docs/new_features_1_3.html

Oracle9iAS Containers for J2EE (OC4J)

Available in Core Edition

Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE (OC4J)

Available in J2EE & Web Cache, Portal & Wireless, and Business Intelligence and Forms Editions

OC4J is the J2EE container for Oracle Application Server. It was introduced in Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2). Section 1.2.2, "Changes in Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE (OC4J)"
Oracle9iAS Web Cache

Available in Core Edition

Oracle Application Server Web Cache

Available in J2EE & Web Cache, Portal & Wireless, and Business Intelligence and Forms Editions

Oracle Application Server Web Cache is a content-aware server accelerator, or reverse proxy server, that improves the performance, scalability, and availability of Web sites that run on Oracle Application Server. Section 1.2.3, "Changes in Oracle Application Server Web Cache"
Oracle9iAS Single Sign-On Oracle Application Server Single Sign-On
OracleAS Single Sign-On is a component of Oracle Application Server that provides a framework for secure single sign-on; allowing users to log in to multiple Web-based applications, such as expense reporting, e-mail, and benefits information, using a single username and password. Section 1.4, "Accessing OracleAS Single Sign-On Upgrade Documentation".
Oracle9iAS Portal Oracle Application Server Portal

Available in Portal & Wireless and Business Intelligence and Forms Editions

OracleAS Portal is a Web-based application for building and deploying portals. It provides a secure, manageable environment for accessing and interacting with enterprise software services and information resources. Section 1.5, "Accessing OracleAS Portal Upgrade Documentation".
Oracle9iAS Wireless Oracle Application Server Wireless

Available in Portal & Wireless and Business Intelligence and Forms Editions

OracleAS Wireless is the wireless and voice platform of Oracle Application Server. It enables development and deployment of wireless browsing applications, voice applications, asynchronous applications, J2ME applications, and notifications. Wireless is also the voice and wireless platform for the mobile extensions of the Oracle E-Business Suite, the wireless and voice components of the Oracle Collaboration Suite, and the foundation for custom and partner wireless and voice solutions.
Oracle Enterprise Manager Client Oracle Enterprise Manager Application Server Control in Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g The Oracle Enterprise Manager Client is the first tier in the three-tiered architecture of the Oracle Enterprise Manager. The second tier is the Oracle Management Server, and the third consists of managed nodes containing databases and other services.

The Oracle Enterprise Manager Application Server Control in Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g is the graphical interface for managing and monitoring application server components.


Oracle Enterprise Java Engine This functionality replaced by Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE. Oracle Enterprise Java Engine is a server environment that supports Enterprise Java Beans, CORBA, and database stored procedures.
Oracle9iAS Discoverer Oracle Application Server Discoverer

Available in Business Intelligence and Forms Editions

OracleAS Discoverer is an ad-hoc query analysis tool. Since Oracle9iAS Release 2 (9.0.2), it has integrated with Oracle Enterprise Manager to perform various functions supported by Enterprise Manager and Oracle Portal. OracleAS Discoverer is available as a deployed application in the OC4J BI FORMS stack.

In Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4), Discoverer services are managed by Oracle Process Manager and Notification Server (OPMN).

Section 1.2.4, "Changes in Oracle Application Server Discoverer"

1.2.1 Changes in the Oracle HTTP Server

The Oracle HTTP Server has undergone significant change since Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x). In addition to the changes in the base product (Apache HTTP Server version 1. 3 to 1.3.28), the configuration files have been restructured to conform to the OHS SMI requirements, the mod_ssl module has been replaced with a new Oracle module, mod_ossl, new Oracle modules have been added and out-of-date modules removed, and SSL certificates have been replaced with Oracle wallets.��The configuration of OHS is very sophisticated because, in addition to the general server configuration directives, each module has its own set of directives. In addition, virtual hosts can be set up, each of which has its own complete set of configuration directives. All of this is customizable, so upgrade is a complicated task.

Specific changes to the Oracle HTTP Server main configuration file and its widely used modules are summarized in Table 1-2.

Table 1-2 Changes in the Oracle HTTP Server Functionality and Usage

Area of Change Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) Usage/Behavior 10g (9.0.4) Usage/Behavior
mod_jserv, JServ servlet container These components enabled users to run servlets and Java Server Pages. OC4J is the J2EE-compliant servlet engine. mod_jserv/Jserv is disabled by default. All applications using JServ should be upgraded to OC4J.

See: Section 3.1.2, "Upgrading from JServ to the OC4J 10g (9.0.4) Servlet Environment"

mod_oprocmgr This module managed the start/stop/restart and monitoring of JServ processes. Oracle Process Manager and Notification Server (OPMN) performs the equivalent functionality in managing OC4J processes. mod_oprocmgr is not loaded by the LoadModule directive in httpd.conf, and all configuration related to it is ignored in server operations.
mod_ssl This module is based on the OpenSSL toolkit. mod_ssl is replaced by mod_ossl, which is based on the Oracle security stack. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) certificates must be converted to Oracle wallets.
mod_onsint Not present. This module communicates with OPMN, facilitating its management of OHS.
mod_wchandshake Not present. This module performs the handshake between OracleAS Web Cache and the Oracle HTTP Server.
httpd.conf Main server configuration file, with some Oracle-specific customizations. The following changes have been made to this file:
  • Configuration related to the Dynamic Monitoring Service (DMS) has been relocated to a separate file, <destination_MT_OH>/Apache/Apache/conf/dms.conf.

  • Configuration related to SSL has been moved to a separate file, <destination_MT_OH>/Apache/Apache/conf/mod_ssl.conf.

  • mod_rewrite has been relocated to the end of the httpd.conf file.

  • mod_ossl is always loaded; it is no longer surrounded by IfDefine directives.

  • Module-specific directives (other than those defined by standard modules) are surrounded by IfModule directives.


1.2.2 Changes in Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE (OC4J)

The differences between the OC4J container in Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) and the OC4J container shipped with Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) are summarized in Table 1-3.

Table 1-3 Changes in the OC4J Functionality and Usage

Area of Change Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x)
Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4)
Integration Minimal ingegration with Oracle9iAS; no capability to use Distributed Configuration Management (DCM) to communicate with or manage OC4J. OC4J is integrated with DCM. Among the many configuration management commands provided by the dcmctl utility are the following OC4J-specific commands:

deployApplication

redeployApplication

undeployApplication

validateEarFile

In addition, OC4J and other components' configuration changes made in the local instance are propagated to the DCM repository with the command:

updateConfig

If you use Enterprise Manager to make configuration changes, you do not need to issue this command (Enterprise Manager will invoke it). However, if you make configuration changes by editing files directly, you must use this command to keep configurations in sync.

For more information about DCM, see the Distributed Configuration Management Reference Guide.

Start-up Manual or scripted Started by Oracle Process Manager and Notification Server (OPMN). (Any application-specific start-up commands used in Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x), and needed in Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) will need to be manually upgraded.)
Listener The OC4J HTTP listener was used. OHS is the default Web listener.
Load-balancing configuration The loadbalancer.jar file may have been used for load balancing. mod_oc4j in OHS routes requests to OC4J.

1.2.3 Changes in Oracle Application Server Web Cache

The differences between the Oracle9iAS Web Cache and OracleAS Web Cache are in the areas of:

  • DTDs

  • Names of elements in configuration files

1.2.4 Changes in Oracle Application Server Discoverer

The differences between the Oracle9iAS Discoverer and OracleAS Discoverer are in the areas of the Discoverer client and the Discoverer C++ server.

  • In Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x), the Discoverer client was plugged into the Oracle HTTP Server configuration files. In Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4), it is a deployed application in the OC4J Business Intelligence and Forms stack.

  • In Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x), the Discoverer C++ server was self-controllable via Visibroker Gatekeeper. In Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4), it is OPMN-controllable via Visibroker Gatekeeper.

1.2.5 Changes in OracleAS Forms Services

The differences between the Oracle9iAS Forms Services and OracleAS Forms Services are in the areas of servlet container configuration, method of configuration, and deployment methods available.

  • In Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x), In Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x), Forms Services may have required manual configuration of the Oracle HTTP Server and JServ servlet container files. The Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) installer automatically configures the Oracle HTTP Server and the OC4J servlet container for Forms Services. If additional customization of these is required, it can be done with the graphical user interface of Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g. In addition, key OracleAS Forms Services configuration files (formsweb.cfg, default.env) can also be edited using Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g.

  • In Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4), OracleAS Forms Services uses the Forms Listener Servlet architecture for deployment of Forms applications. The following deployment modes are not available: character mode; client/server; the Forms CGI; and the Forms Server (also known as the Forms Listener).

1.2.6 Changes in OracleAS Reports Services

The differences between Oracle Reports and OracleAS Reports Services are itemized in Table 1-4. The changes between the releases are also discussed thoroughly in:

Oracle9i Reports Obsolescense Plan: Oracle9i Reports Statement of Direction at:

http://otn.oracle.com/products/reports/pdf/movingto9i.pdf

Statement of Direction: Oracle Application Server Reports Services 10g (9.0.4) at:

http://otn.oracle.com/products/reports/10g/SOD_Reports.html

Table 1-4 Changes in the OracleAS Reports Services Functionality and Usage

Area of Change Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) Usage/Behavior 10g (9.0.4) Usage/Behavior
Reports Server architecture See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/A73173_01/output/pbr_arch.htm#1003225

Scalable, flexible architecture for the distribution and automated management of report generation engines on the same server and across multiple servers. For more information, see:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_arch.htm#1005635

Web client choices Servlet and CGI implementation Servlet, JSP, or CGI implementation. For more information, see:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_arch.htm#1005928

High availability No high availability features Numerous high availability features keep the middle tier running even when particular servers or components fail. For more information, see:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_arch.htm#1006314

Starting and stopping Command line or Windows service. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/A73173_01/output/pbr_case.htm#1017604

Oracle Process Manager and Notification Server (OPMN). See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_strt.htm#1005573

Reports Services configuration Reports server configuration:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/A73173_01/output/pbr_case.htm#1006332

Reports web client configuration:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/A73173_01/output/pbr_case.htm#1007896

All configuration files are in XML format. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_conf.htm#1004903

Reports destination configuration No destination configuration available Supports default and custom destinations. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_dest.htm#1004903

Security Provides functionality for:
  • Application security: access control for the reports application from which reports are launched

  • Resource security: access control for reports servers, printers, calendars, and reports

See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/A73173_01/output/booktoc.htm

Provides functionality for application server level (single sign-on or non-single-sign-on) access to reports and data:
  • Application security: access control for the reports application from which reports are launched

  • Resource security: access control for reports servers, printers, calendars, and reports

  • Data source security: access control for a particular database

See:

Securing OracleAS Reports Services http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_sec_arch.htm#1004903

Configuring and Administering OracleAS Single Sign-On http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_sso.htm#1005576

Deploying Reports in OracleAS Portal http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_portal.htm#1008280

Configuring Reports server clusters Master-slave clustering architecture. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/A73173_01/output/pbr_clus.htm#1656

Peer-level clustering support. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_clus.htm#1008605

Deploying and running report requests Mechanism to deploy and run paper-based reports. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/A73173_01/output/pbr_run.htm#1008829

Mechanism to deploy paper and Web reports. Support is also provided to run these reports through pluggable engines. Usage of key-map file is changed. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_run.htm#1009713

Batch registration of reports in OracleAS Portal Unavailable See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_bat.htm

Oracle Reports Web Service Unavailable Web Services interface through which external applications can submit a job. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_webservice.htm#1010102

Advance distributions Builder distribution Advance distribution and bursting capabilities, which can also be used with customer destinations.

See:

Advance Distribution http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_dist.htm#1007339

Bursting and Distributing a Report

http://otn.oracle.com/products/reports/htdocs/getstart/examples/distribution/doc/orbr_dist.pdf

Event-driven publishing Unavailable Reports can be run automatically in response to an event in the database, such as the insertion of a record or the change of a value.

See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_evnt.htm#1006610

DISPLAY environment variable dependency (UNIX) DISPLAY must be set on UNIX systems Not necessary to have the DISPLAY environment variable or a valid printer defined at runtime. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_conf.htm#1010014

Managing and monitoring OracleAS Reports Services Services Unavailable Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g provides managing and monitoring services for OracleAS Reports Services. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_oem.htm#1008796

Reports Web Cartridge See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/A73173_01/output/pbr_wcap.htm#630125

Reports Web Cartridge
Configuring and using the pluggable data source Unavailable Pluggable data sources are supported. See:

JDBC Data Source Example

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_jdbcpds.htm#1007084

XML Data Source Example

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10602_01/orbr_xmlpds.htm#1005598

Text Data Source Example

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10602_01/orbr_text.htm#1005598

Report using Oracle Express Data Unavailable OLAP-based built-in data source. See:

http://otn.oracle.com/products/reports/pluginxchange/plugins/datasource/olap/olap_pds_release_notes.html

Printing on UNIX with Oracle Reports
OracleAS Reports Services provides a rich set of features out of the box for printing on various platforms. See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_uxprt.htm#1007271

PDF in Oracle Reports Supported Supports PDF 1.4, and is capable of generating high resolution PDF reports on all platforms. The PDF features supported by Oracle Reports include:
  • Compression

  • Font features

  • Accessibility

  • Taxonomy

  • Enhanced graph support

See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/pbr_pdf.htm#1005713

Oracle9i JDeveloper integration Unavailable
Command-line options and report-related environment variables See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/A73173_01/output/partpage.htm#435787

See:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10314_01/part5.htm#435787

JSP Web-based reports Unavailable See the tutorial at:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/html/B10612_01/toc.htm


1.3 Using This Guide

Depending on the Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) installation type you are upgrading, or the components you will use in the upgraded instance, you may use some or all of the chapters in this guide. Review, understand, and perform the steps in Section 1.1, "The Oracle9iAS Release 1 (1.0.2.2.x) to Oracle Application Server 10g (9.0.4) Upgrade Process", paying particular attention to installation requirements that apply to the configuration you are upgrading. The Oracle Application Server 10g Installation Guide, used in conjunction with this guide, provides complete information on compatibility and installation requirements.

References to other Oracle documentation may be necessary as you use this guide (lengthy configuration instructions for components are not replicated here). Ensure that you have access to all of the books in Related Documents. All of the documents are available on the Oracle Technology Network (OTN).

1.4 Accessing OracleAS Single Sign-On Upgrade Documentation

The upgrade documentation for OracleAS Single Sign-On is not included in this guide. It is provided in the OracleAS Single Sign-On Upgrade Patch, which is available on Oracle MetaLink (you need a MetaLink user ID and password to obtain the patch). Follow these instructions to download the patch:

  1. Log in to Oracle MetaLink at:

    http://metalink.oracle.com

  2. Locate and download patch 3498669.

  3. Follow the instructions in the README.TXT file and the OracleAS Single Sign-On Upgrade Guide (included in the patch).

1.5 Accessing OracleAS Portal Upgrade Documentation

The upgrade documentation for OracleAS Portal is not included in this guide. It is provided in the Portal Center on Oracle Technology Network. Follow these instructions to access the OracleAS Portal upgrade documentation:

  1. Access the URL:

    http://portalcenter.oracle.com/upgrades

  2. Click the 9.0.4 link in the Upgrade Targets section.

    The 9.0.4 information page appears.

  3. Read these sections:

    • Generic Upgrade Information

    • Version 3.0.9 to 9.0.4