Oracle® Database

SQL Language Reference

11g Release 1 (11.1)

B28286-07

July 2013

Oracle Database SQL Language Reference, 11g Release 1 (11.1)

B28286-07

Primary Author: Diana Lorentz

Contributing Author: Special thanks to Bob Jenkins, who has always been willing to answer questions—some of them more than once.

Contributors: Drew Adams, Nippun Agarwal, Shashaanka Agarwal, David Alpern, Patrick Amor, Rohan, Angrish, Geeta Arora, Lance Ashdown, David Austin, Thomas Baby, Hermann Baer, Prasad Bagal, Subhransu Basu, Mark Bauer, Eric Belden, Tugrul Bingol, Allen Brumm, Donna Carver, Sivasankaran Chandrasekar, Atif Chaudhry, Beethoven Cheng, Timothy Chien, Alan Choi, George Claborn, Benoit Dageville, Matthew Dombrowski, Jacco Draijjer, George Eadon, William Fisher, Steve Fogel, David Friedman, Amit Ganesh, Raymond Guzman, John Haydu, Chi Hoang, Pat Huey, Sam Idicula, Chandrasekharan Iyer, Ken Jacobs, Mark Jaeger, Balaji Krishnan, Ramkumar Krishnan, Vasudha Krishnaswamy, Ramesh Kumar, Joydip Kundu, Simon Law, Bill Lee, Geoff Lee, Nina Lewis, Zhen Liu, Bryn Llewellyn, Rich Long, Scott Lynn, Robert McGuirk, Ben Meng, Mughees Minhas, Krishna Mohan, Sheila Moore, Tony Morales, Ari Mozes, Niloy Mukherjee, Denis Mukhin, Gopal Mulagund, Ravi Murthy, Sujatha Muthulingam, DheerajPandey, Hanlin Qian, Kevin Quinn, Christopher Racicot, Venkatesh Radhakrishnan, Ananth Raghavan, Ashish Ray, Kathy Rich, Shrikanth Sankar, Vivian Schupmann, Laurent Schneider, Lei Sheng, Bipul Sinha, Wayne Smith, Kesavan Srinivasan, Peter Stengard, Gaby Stredie, Sankar Subramanian, Seema Sundara, Anh-Tuan Tran, Kothanda Umamageswaran, Randy Urbano, Mark van de Wiel, Badhri Varanasi, Srinivas Vemuri, Radek Vingralek, Guhan Viswanathan, William Waddington, Shaoyu Wang, Wei Wang, Steve Wertheimer, Charles Wetherell, Rajiv Wickremesinghe, Andrew Witkowski, Brian Wolf, Sergiusz Wolicki, Daniel Wong, Tsae-Feng Yu, Mohamed Zait, Mohammed Zaiuddin, Fred Zemke, Weiran Zhang

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